JfAXXEK OF CAPTURIXO THE ELEPHANT. SOI 



stiff aspect of its lxnl\ and limbs. It rolls on the ground in (Impair, It rands the air with 

 fin i.-u> ni-'H of rage, it butts at the fatal tree with all ita force, in hope of bringing it to the 

 ground, and has been known to stand with ita hind legs fairly off the ground, in its fnrioim 

 endeavors to break the rope. After a while, however, it finds ita exertions to be totally use* 

 l.-ss, and \i.'Ms to ita conquerors. Formerly it was allowed to remain in its captivity until 

 reduced by hunger, but UN the ropes are apt to cut severely into the ankle, and to canoe pain* 

 ful und dangerous wounds, the time of bondage is now shortened as much as possible, and the 

 .niiiiial removed to another spot where ropes are needless. The koomkies afford invaluable 

 a iMuii.-.' l>th in tyiim th" animal Mid in tadtBf 'iim BWaJ ftm fei Hv.- i,,u|ii.-|i 1..- li:nl 

 been bound. One of these animals is reported to have gone on a solitary hunting expedition 

 on her own account, and to have captured a fine male Elephant, which aha tied to a tree with 

 some iron chains. 



The second mode of capturing Elephants b more complicated, and secures a greater 

 number of beasts at a time, but as it necessarily includes the young, the old, and the vigor* 

 ousof both sexes in the geaeral seizure, its results are not so admirable as might beant if 'ipntHd, 



The inclosure into which the Elephants are driven is termed u "keddah," and Is ingeni 

 ously constructed of stout logs end posts, which are supported by strong buttresses, and am 

 so arranged that a man can pass through the interstices between the logs. When the keddah 

 is set in good order, a vast number of hunters form themselves into a huge circle, inclosing one 

 or more herds of Elephants, and moving gradually towards the inclosnre of the keddah, ami 

 arranging themselves in such a manner aa to leave the entrance towards thekc<l<lili always 

 open. When they have thus brought the herd to the proper spot, a business which will often 

 consume several weeks, the Elephants are excited by shouts, the waving of hands and spears, 

 etc., to move towards the inclomire, which is cunningly concealed by the trees among which it 

 is built. If the operation should take place at night, the surrounding hunters are supplied 

 with burning torches, while the keddah Ls carefully kept in darkness. Being alarmed by the 

 noise and the flames, the Elephants nish instinctively to the only open space, and are thus 

 fairly brought within the precincts of the keddah, from which they never emerge again save 

 as captives. 



The terrified animals run round and round the inclosure, and often attempt a desperate 

 charge, but are always driven back by the torch -bearers, who wave their flaming weapons, 



:,n<l d&HOOagt i!i" saptnad nfaaalM from tlu-ir m.-.litat.-.l a.ssndt. At l:i-t ill- i i n.-aiiii.-s 



are so bewildered and fatigued, that they gather together in the centre of the keddah, and are 

 then considered to be ready for the professional Elephant-hunters. These courageous m- a 

 enter the keddah either on foot or upon the backs of their koomkies, and contrive to tie every 

 one of the captives to some spot from whence it cannot move. Most ingenious stratagems are 

 employed by the hunters in this perilous task, the details of which may be found in many 

 works on the subject. 



When the natives hunt the Elephant merely for the sake of his ivory or his flesh, and 

 do not care to take him alive, they achieve their object by stealing cautiously upon him as he 

 dozes, and by gently tickling one of his hind-feet with a slight twig they induce him to lift the 

 foot from the ground. As soon as he does so, the hunters, who are furnished with a mallet 

 and a sharp wooden spike about eight inches in length, drive the spike into his foot, and 

 effectually lame him with a single blow. He is then quite at their disposal, and is easily 

 despatched. The flesh of the Elephant is thought to be very poor indeed ; but the heart, the 

 tongue, the trunk, and the foot, are considered to be good eating if properly dressed. 



The "points " of a good Elephant are as important in India and Ceylon as those of a horse 

 hi Europe. In a native work upon the Elephant, quoted by Sir E. Tennent, the points are 

 given as follows : "The softness of the skin, the red color of the mouth and tongue, the fore- 

 head expanded and full, the ears huge and rectangular, the trunk broad at the root, and 

 blotched with pink in front, the eyes light and kindly, the cheeks large, the neck full, tin- 

 back level, the chest square, the fore-legs short and convex in front, the hind-quarters plump, 

 five nails in each foot, all smooth, elastic, and round. An Elephant with all these perfections 

 will impart glory and magnificence to the king." 



