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derably, their leaders must be treated in 

 the same manner. We are not to expect 

 the head can be kept exactly flat; bnt 

 this treatment will so far encouraoe the 

 side branches, and increase the number 

 upon the summit, that the required form 

 will not only be obtained, but easily pre- 

 served. If it be wished to cause such 

 head to grow particular!}- thick and 

 bushy ; a few of the more extended ex- 

 tremities must be shortened, from time 

 to time, to cause them to divide, and 

 subdivide into numerous others. But if, 

 on the contrary, such head is wished to 

 extend considerably, then the interior 

 part of the head must be thinned of some 

 of the shorter and smaller branches; in 

 consequence of which more of the sap 

 will go to extend the extremities. 



When we want two or more stems to 

 be produced from one ; Avhether near the 

 ground or otherwise; the best general 

 method is to train them from side 



