44 HABITS OF WOKMS. Chap. I. 



earth-worm debouch into the alimentary 

 canal in advance of the gizzard, but pos- 

 teriorly to it in Urochtsea and some other 

 genera.* The two posterior pairs are formed 

 by lamellae, which according to Claparede, 

 are diverticula from the oesophagus. j These 

 lamellse are coated with a pulpy cellular 

 layer, with the outer cells lying free in in- 

 finite numbers. If one of these glands is 

 punctured and squeezed, a quantity of white 

 pulpy matter exudes, consisting of these free 

 cells. They are minute, and vary in diameter 

 from 2 to 6 A^. They contain in their centres a 

 little excessively fine granular matter ; but 

 they look so like oil globules that Claparede 

 and others at first treated them with ether. 

 This produces no effect ; but they are quickly 

 dissolved with effervescence in acetic acid, 

 and when oxalate of ammonia is added 

 to the solution a white precipitate is thrown 

 down. We may therefore conclude that 

 they contain carbonate of lime. If the cells 



* Perrier, ' Archives de Zoolog, exper.' July, 1874, pp. 416, 

 419. 



t ' Zeitschrift fiir wissenschaft. Zoologie,' B. xix, 1869, pp. 

 603-606. 



