Chap. II. THEIR INTELLiaENCE. 65 



ing inherited impulse, they would draw all 

 kinds of leaves into their burrows in the 

 same manner. If they have no such definite 

 instinct, we might expect that chance would 

 determine whether the tip, base or middle was 

 seized. If both these alternatives are ex- 

 cluded, intelligence alone is left ; unless the 

 worm in each case first tries many different 

 methods, and follows that alone which 

 proves possible or the most easy ; but to act 

 in this manner and to try different methods 

 makes a near approach to intelligence. 



In the first place 227 withered leaves of 

 various kinds, mostly of English plants, were 

 pulled out of worm-burrows in several places. 

 Of these, 181 had been drawn into the 

 burrows by or near their tips, so that the 

 foot-stalk projected nearly upright from the 

 mouth of the burrow ; 20 had been drawn in 

 by their bases, and in this case the tips pro- 

 jected from the burrows ; and 26 had been 

 seized near the middle, so that these had 

 been drawn in transversely and were much 

 crumpled. Therefore 80 per cent, (always 

 using the nearest whole number) had been 

 drawn in by the tip, 9 per cent, by the base 



