BREEDS AND TYPES 33 



waxed fatter than in the forests farther north, where to 

 maintain himself he was compelled to roam more widel}- 

 and venture into more dangerous regions. For the same 

 reason the color or the tropical hog is said to have 

 changed toward black, giving him better protection 

 against the heat of the sun. 



Under domestication, even in earlier days, when no 

 attention was paid to the development of characteristics 

 especially desirable, decided changes came about. The 

 princi])al changes attributable to domestication of swine 

 are given in the following summary by Prof. Thomas 

 Shaw, in his book, "The Study of Breeds": "(i) The 

 ears become less movable, the tusks and muscles of the 

 neck diminish in size, the back and sides lengthen, the 

 flank and hindquarters deepen, the body becomes less 

 capacious, the limbs grow shorter, the bristles are par- 

 tially or wholly removed, and the animal becomes much 

 less active. (2) The stomach and intestines enlarge, 

 they desire more food, and the tendency to obesity in- 

 creases. (3) The male loses the solitary habit, the fe- 

 male breeds more frequently, has larger litters, and they 

 seek their food in the day." 



Most of the breeds now known in America may be 

 traced back to or through those of Great Britain, and 

 the latter were chiefly improved by crossing Chinese or 

 Neapolitan boars upon the native sows. The Chinese were 

 used mostly in the modification of the white stock and 

 the Neapolitans in improving the black sorts. These 

 boars were smaller than the native British stock, and had 

 the effect of refining the structure and flesh of their off- 

 spring, while enhancing the fattening qualities. 



