FEEDING AND FATTENING 3OI 



lias in innumerable instances been the factor that kept a 

 farm's prolit on the right side of the ledger. 



CLASSES OP FEED 



Feeds are usually classified as concentrated or bulky, 

 as they give a large or small quantity of nutriment for 

 the bulk supplied. Concentrates, as those of the former 

 class are called, include the grains and seeds, mill feeds, 

 and packing house and other by-products which have the 

 nutritive material in more or less condensed form. 

 Grasses, fodder, hay. roots and vegetables, which pro- 

 vide a considerable quantity of "filling" with a com- 

 paratively smaller amount of nutriment, are bulky feeds. 

 Having rather small stomach capacity, the hog needs 

 feeds less coarse than other animals, especially rumi- 

 nants, like the cow. which require increased bulk to in- 

 sure a complete digestion ; at the same time, the hog is an 

 omniverous creature and craves a variety, and this 

 variety is most easily and healthfully supplied by the 

 more or less bulky products. Digestion of concentrated 

 feeds is less difficult when considerable coarse material 

 is used with them. 



The principal constituents of feeds are chemically 

 known as ])rotcids, or nitrogenous compounds, which are 

 utilized mainly to make up tlie muscular tissues (hence 

 are of impt^rtance wlicn growtli is needed"), and carbo- 

 naceous matter, as starches and sugars (carbohydrates) 

 and fats (hydrocarbons), which are utilized in making 

 fat and energy. Water content and ash are feed factors 

 -.vhich should have consideration. Water is indispen- 

 sable for anv animal's bodv. but if more than the normal 



