GLEANINGS IN BEE CULTURE 



pushing the same up 

 close to the founda- 

 tion, which will fit 

 snugly to the bar, 

 and then run the 

 wheels over the wires. 

 Then I lift the frame 

 off the board with 

 the foundation im- 

 bedded, and run hot 

 wax along the back 

 of the crimp. On 

 the other side, along 

 'the edge of the crimp, 

 I use a nail which is 

 kept hot on the coal- 

 oil stove where the 

 wax is heated. Not 

 a drop of wax will 

 run under the foun- 

 dation, and the work 

 is all done in one op- 

 eration which does 

 not take longer than 

 Mr. Aiken describes. 

 In order to put 

 foundation in Mad- 

 ary top-bar frames 

 I use it without the 

 crimp, and put the 

 frame with the cut- 

 out side face down, 

 which will let the 

 foundation slide 

 down into the gxoove 

 before I let the wires 

 take hold of the foun- 

 dation. Those Cali- 

 fornians who use 

 M a d a r y top - bar 



frames will find this device very convenient 

 because it turns out as nearly perfect work 

 as can be desired. H. E. Thayer, page 254, 

 April 15, says that the foundation drops 

 out of Madary frames. If he tries this plan 

 je will change his mind, and he will see 

 that he can not pull the foundation out. 



What happens if no foundation is used. The shallow frames in this 

 super were accidentally overlooked, and put on the hives without even starters. 

 The bees built the comb crosswise and in fantastic curves to suit themselves. 



foundation and nailed down. The founda- 

 tion should be as soft as it can be handled. 

 Monterey, Cal. 



SOFT SUGAR FOR FEEDING DIRECT 



BY AETHUR C. MILLER 



no matter what the climatic influences are, 

 if he does it right. 



The cleat should be nailed in the center 

 first, and then each end jammed against the 



In Gleanings for November 1, page 705, 

 in reply to a query by Mr. T. J. Landrum, 

 you do grave injustice, not only to Mir. 

 Landrum, but also to those persons who 

 have urged the use of soft sugar as a bee 

 food. You said : 



"It [granulated] has supplanted the 

 'Coffee A' entirely." Also : "Generally 

 sjDeaking you would be able to use granu- 

 lated sugar in any jDlaee where 'Coffee A' is 

 called for." 



This clause is especially misleading. "A" 

 sugar, sometimes called "coffee A," is more 

 properly "Empire A," and is one of the 



