DAIRY CATTLE AND THE DAIRY FARM 119 



and the feed is stored above them. These barns should be well-lighted, 

 usually from two sides and an end at least; should have a ventilating 

 system and the first floor should be ceiled off from the second so as to 

 prevent dust from sifting down from above. 



Shed Barns. Shed barns can be easily enlarged and kept clean. So, 

 in their most modern form they represent the latest development in 

 cattle housing on farms where great attention is paid to the production 

 of sanitary milk. In warm climates shed barns with siding only part 

 way up are used, thus giving all necessary protection and at the same time 

 being cool and having plenty of light and air. In some cases canvas 

 curtains are provided to give additional protection from the elements 

 when necessary. In California a form of shed barn known as the saw- 

 tooth barn is popular. 



Courtesy of the DeLaval Separator Co. 



FIG. 19. Saw-tooth dairy barn at Oakley, California. 



Double Stabling Barns. Double stabling barns are used in this way. 

 The cattle are turned loose in what is often a reconstructed farm building 

 or perhaps a low roughly built structure that has a dirt floor and a galvan- 

 ized-iron or other inexpensive roof of some sort. Here the animals are 

 fed their roughage and sometimes part of their grain. Watering troughs 

 are placed so that the animals can drink whenever they want to. The 

 cows are fed their grain and milked in another building which should be 

 large enough to hold a third of the herd that milking may be done ex- 

 peditiously and which is so built that clean milk may be easily produced 

 therein. Directly after milking, the cattle are turned back into the other 

 barn. This system avoids dust from bedding and provender, and since 

 the cows are in the milking stable but a short time, it is kept clean and 

 sweet. Besides these advantages the covered barnyard system gives the 

 cows freedom of exercise at will and makes economical handling of the 

 manure possible for it can be allowed to accumulate till work is slack 

 when it can be carted right onto the land. An objection to the 

 system is that twice the usual amount of bedding is required to keep the 

 cows clean. 



