130 



CITY MILK SUPPLY 



as inlets, on another, if the direction of the wind has changed, may serve as 

 outlets. The holes should have covers or other devices for regulating the 

 passage of the air in and out. 



Ventilation by Curtains. The efficiency of muslin-curtain ventila- 

 tion was tested in a well-lighted stable having a ground floor of 100 by 25 

 ft. and a 10-ft. ceiling. On each side of the building were 10 windows 

 2J^ by 4 ft. in area, located 6 ft. from the floor and extending to within 

 about 18 in. of the ceiling. 



The advantages of the system were found to be: (1) that by taking 

 great care the stable could be ventilated by means of the muslin; the 

 cheese cloth proved better than the cotton because the air passed through 

 it more easily; and (2) that this kind of ventilation is cheap and better 

 than none. The objections to the system are: (1) that great watchful- 

 ness is required to insure a fair measure of success; (2) there is danger of 

 an excessive fall or rise of temperature during the night on account of a 

 rise or fall of the wind; (3) the muslin darkens the windows making the 

 stable dark, gloomy and damp; (4) changing directions of air currents 

 wet the muslin and prevent foul air escaping so that the curtains become 

 dirty and insanitary. 



Watering Cows. Cows should be supplied with plenty of pure water. 

 It is not safe to have impure water on the premises because some one may 

 be made ill by drinking it, or the milk may be infected by it or possibly 

 the cows may become infected with parasites through its use. On the 

 small farms cows get water in the barnyard or pasture but in the larger 

 dairies the water is piped direct to the mangers. 



Courtesy of C. W. Eddy. 



FIG. 27. Manure trench, Cooley Farms, Cleveland, Ohio. 



Care of the Manure. The conservation and handling of the manure 

 should be carefully attended to by the dairy farmer because the return of 

 its fertility to the soil contributes to his financial success. A 1,000-lb. 



