346 



CITY MILK SUPPLY 



hotels 



and restaurants where milk is served in the original container and 

 are profitable partly because the loss of bottles is small; 

 therefore, a dairyman is justified in taking on this class 

 of trade. 



Another matter to be considered is whether one or 

 two deliveries shall be made a day. The reasons ad- 

 vanced for two deliveries are that the customer re- 

 ceives his milk fresher and so in hot weather in better 

 condition, and from the dealer's point of view that his 

 wagon is likely to pick up extra orders on the second 

 trip, and his drivers have more time for canvassing 

 and bill collecting. The advantage that may come 

 to the customers from receiving fresher milk is to some 

 extent offset by the fact that it may be less thoroughly 

 cooled before being loaded onto the wagon and there is 

 a disadvantage to the dealer in that the second de- 

 livery is made in a much warmer period of the day so 

 that the milk requires more ice. Studies by the 

 Dairy Division of four routes of two dealers in a city 

 where two deliveries a day were customary showed 

 that the second trip was 70 per cent, as long as the 

 first and required 97 per cent, as much time but that 

 less than 20 per cent, as much milk was delivered. 

 The amount was so small that it might easily have 

 been carried on the first load. 



The first careful study of milk distribution made in 

 the United States was that by Williams of Rochester, 

 N. Y. Some of the conclusions he reached were: that 

 such distribution of milk as is. found in Rochester and 

 most American cities is very wasteful and is respon- 

 sible for much of the bad milk sold; that were this 

 waste avoided by proper methods of distribution, 

 cleaner and better milk could be furnished the con- 

 sumer at 2 cts. a quart less than he now pays; that 

 the attempt to improve the quality of public milk 

 supplies without taking cognizance of the tremendous 

 wastes in present methods of distribution undoubtedly 

 accounts for the failure to advance in the solution of 

 the municipal milk problem. 



Table 105 shows how in every one of the sections 

 studied an unnecessary number of distributors were 

 pounding the roads to pieces with their wagons and 

 how the territory might be covered by a single 

 distribution. 



