APPENDIX 



A SUGGESTED OUTLINE FOR BIOLOGY BEGINNING 

 IN THE FALL 



LIST OF TOPICS 

 FIRST TERM 



First week. WHY STUDY BIOLOGY? Relation to human health, hygiene. Rela- 

 tions existing between plants and animals. Relation of bacteria to man. 

 Uses of plants and animals. 'Conservation of plants and animals. Relation 

 to life of citizen in the city. Plants and animals in relation to their environ- 

 ment. What is the environment ; light, heat, water, soil, food, etc. What 

 plants take out of the environment. What animals take out of the environ- 

 ment. Dependence of plants and animals upon the factors of the environ- 

 ment. Laboratory: Study of a plant or an animal in the school or at 

 home to determine what it takes from its environment. 



Second week. SOME RELATIONS EXISTING BETWEEN PLANTS (GREEN) AND 

 ANIMALS. Field trip planned to show that insects feed upon plants; make 

 their homes upon plants. That flowers are pollinated by insects. Insects 

 lay eggs upon certain food plants. Green plants make food for animals. 

 Other relations. (Time allotment. One day trip, collecting, etc. ; two days' 

 discussion of trip in all its relations.) Make a careful study of the locality 

 you wish to visit, have a plan that the pupils know about beforehand. 

 Review and hygiene of pupil's environment, 2 days. 



Third week. STUDY OF A FLOWER, PARTS ESSENTIAL TO POLLINATION NAMED. 

 Adaptations for insect pollination worked out in laboratory. Study of 

 bee or butterfly as an insect carrier of pollen. Names of parts of insect 

 learned. Elementary knowledge of groups of insects seen on field trip. 

 Bees, butterflies, grasshoppers, beetles, possibly flies and bugs. Drawing 

 of a flower, parts labeled. Drawing of an insect, outline only, parts labeled. 

 Careful study of some fall flower fitted for insect pollination with an insect 

 as pollinating agent. Some examples of cross-pollination explained. Prac- 

 tical value of cross-pollination. 



Fourth week. LIVING PLANTS AND ANIMALS COMPARED. Parts of plants, func- 

 tions ; organs, tissues, cells. Demonstration cells of onion or elodea. How 

 cells form others. What living matter can do. Reproduction. Growth of 

 pollen tube, fertilization. Development of ovule into seed. Fruits, how 

 formed. Uses, to man. 



Fifth week. WHAT MAKES A SEED GROW. Bean seed, a baby plant, and food 

 supply. Food, what is it? Organic nutrients, tests for starch, protein, oil. 

 Show their presence in seeds. 



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