THE CRYPTOGAMIA OB FLOWERLE33 PLANT8. 



125 



the Phaenogamia, one portion is devoted to the preservation of the in- 

 dividual, the other to the preservation of the species ; in other words, 

 the organs of vegetation and of reproduction become separate and dis- 

 tinct. 



622. DISTINGUISHED FROM PH^NOGAMIA. But the reproductive or- 

 gans, although distinct from the nutritive, are never seeii combined into 

 flowers, nor producing seeds marked by the presence of an embryo. 

 Hence in the scale of rank the cryptogams are inferior to the flowering 

 plants and easily distinguished from them. 



623. VEGETATIVE ORGANS. 

 Again in the lower tribes, 

 viz., the seaweeds, Fungi and 

 Lichens, there is no distinc- 

 tion of root, stem and leaves ; 

 but the entire plant grows 

 into an expansion of substance 

 more or less uniform and in- 

 definite, called a thallus. But 

 the higher Hepaticae, mosses, 



club-mosseSjEquiaetaceae, ferns 502 503 504 5 o 6 



ariJ lliarsileads, possess Stems, 502, Equisettim arvense. 503, E. sylvatioum. 504 

 roots and leaves like the Section of the spike. 505, A sporange. 506, Asporo 

 with its elators coiled. 



Phaenogamia. 



624. CLASSES. The tribe last 

 mentioned are embraced in the class 

 Acrogens, so named by Lindley from 

 their manner of growth (dtcpov, point 

 or summit), lengthening into an axis. 

 The remaining three tribes first 

 named above constitute the lowest 

 class of the vegetable kingdom, called 

 Thallogens, and named from their 

 manner of growth. 



625. THE STEMS OF THE MARSI- 

 LEADS and ferns are mostly rhizomes, 

 but in tropical countries some species 

 of the latter arise on firm aerial 

 trunks like palms. The club mosses 



SOT, Lyeopodium dendroidenm. 50S, A have slender, woody stems much in- 



rfngle s ,,ike 509, a scale with lt> sporange H j W f nrcate . Those of the 



bursting 510, Spores. . . 



Equisetaceae, Characese are jointed, 



