ORDER 13. CRUCIFER^E. 235 



2 S. arvensis L. FIELD MUSTARD. St. and kaves hairy; silique smooth, many- 

 angled, lorulous, spreading, about 8 limes longer than the slander, ancipital style. (J) 

 Naturalized in N. Y. (T. and G.) and in Vt. (Robbins). Lower Ivs. large, subly- 

 rate-pinnatifid, upper ones oblong-ovate, all repand-toothed. Silique somewhat 

 spreading, !' long. Sds. large and black. Jn., Aug., Eur. 



3 S alba L. WHITE MUSTARD. Lv?. smoothish; siliques hispid, torose, 

 shorter than the ensiform beak sds. large, pale yellow. (T) Native of Europe. St. 

 2 5f high, thinly hirsute. Lvs. all lyrately pinnate, dentate, petiolate. Siliques 

 spreading, about 4-seeded. The seeds are used for about the same purposes as 

 those of S. nigra. esteemed in medicine. Jn., Jl. f. 



16. BRASSICA, L. CABBAGE, etc. (Celtic bresic, the cabbage.) 

 Sepals equal at base, (mostly) erect ; petals obovate ; filaments without 

 teeth ; silique sub-compressed, valves concave, with a central vein ; 

 style short, subterete, obtuse ; seeds globous, in a single (often double) 

 row (0). Fls. yellow. 



1 B. campestris L. CALE. Lvs. somewhat fleshy and glaucous, the lower lyrate- 

 dentate. subciliate, upper ones cordate-amplexicaul, acuminate. (I) Cultivated 

 fields and waste places. St. 1^ 3f high, with a few, scattered, reversed hairs 

 below. Lower Ivs. 3 7' long, as wide, upper smaller, entire, with rounded 

 clasping lobes at base, tapering to an obtuse point. Rac. 1 2f long. Sep. 

 erect, spreading. Cor. yellow, 4 5" diam. Siliques 1J' long, with the style $'. 

 Sds. small, dark brown. Jn., Jl. Sweden. 



^ RUTABAGA. SWEDISH TURNIP. Rt. tumid, napiform, subglobous, yellowish. 

 Cultivated like the common turnip: but after a thorough experiment, it is 

 conceded oy farmers to be inferior in value to that root, although it grows to 

 an enormous size. |. 



2 B. rapa L. Radical Ivs. lyrate, rough, not glaucous, cauline ones incised, 

 upper entire, smooth. J. 



(3 DEPRESSA. COMMON TURNIP. Rt. depressed, globous or napiform, contracted 

 below into a slender radicle. (2j Long cultivated for the table, etc., in gar- 

 dens and fields. St. 2 4f high, and with the leaves deep green. Upper 

 Ivs. amplexicaul. Pods 1' long. Sds. small, reddish-brown. Jn. \ 



3 B. oleracea L. CABBAGE. Lvs. very smooth and glaucous, fleshy, repand- 

 toothed or lobed. (g; Native of Europe, where it grows on rocky shores and 

 cliffs, with no appearance of a head, forming a surprising contrast with the cul- 

 tivated varieties. The excellence of the cabbage as a pot-herb needs no eii- 

 comium. ^ 



BULLATA. SAVOY CABBAGE. Lvs. curled, subcapitate when young, finally 

 expanding. 



y BOFRYTIS-CAULIFLORA. CAULIFLOWER. St. low ; hds. thick, compact, termi- 

 nal ; fls. abortive, on short, fleshy peduncles. \. 



6 EOTHYTIS ASPARAGOIDES. BROCCOLI. St. taller ; hds. subramous ; branches 

 fleshy at the summit, consisting of clusters of abortive flower-buds. J . 



e CAPITATA. HEAD CABBAGE. St. short; Ivs. concave, packed in a dense 

 head before flowering ; rac. paniculate. \. 



17. ALYSSUM, L. MADWORT. (Gr. a, privative, hvcaa, rage ; sup- 

 posed by the ancients to allay anger.) Calyx equal at base ; petals 

 entire; some of the stamens with teeth ; silicic orbicular or oval, with 

 valves flat or convex in the centre; seeds 1 4 in each cell (0 = ). 

 Showy European herbs. 



1 A. saxatile L. ROCK ALYSSUM. MADWORT. St. suffruticous at base, sub- 

 corymbous; Ivs. lanceolate, entire, downy; silick obovate-orbicular, 2-seeded ; sds. 

 margined. An early-flowering garden perennial, native of Candia. St. If 

 high, with numerous yellow flowers in close corymbous bunches. Apr., 

 May. f. 



