ORDER 16. VIOLACE^E. 241 



plant, with curious purple flowers, common in gardens, escaped into fields, Ac, 

 South. May Aug. f W. Ind. 



2 C. speciocissima Deppe. Pilous ; st. branching below , Ivs. 5 7 -foliate, 



on long petioles ; Ifts. lanceolate, acuminate, the upper Iva simple, bract-like, 



ovate ; petals as long as the pedicels ; fruit shorter than its stipe. (D Gardens. 



Plant very showy, 3 4f high. Fls. rose-purple, clustered at the summit of the 



rising raceme from Jn. to Sept. f Mexico. 



3. POLANISIA, Raf. (Gr. TTO^V, much, dviooc;, unequal.) Sepals dis- 

 tinct, spreading ; petals 4, unequal ; stamens 8 32, filaments filiform 

 or dilated at the summit ; torus not developed, minute ; pods linear. 

 (J) Strong-scented herbs, with glandular, viscid hairs. 



P. gravolens Raf Viscid-pubescent ; Ivs. ternate, Ifts. elliptic-oblong ; fls. 

 axillary, solitary; sta. 812; caps, oblong-lanceolate, attenuate at base. Grav- 

 ' elly shores, Vt. to Ark. St. If high, branching, striate. Lfts. 1 If long, ap 

 wide, nearly entire and sessile ; common petiole 1 long. Fls. in terminal racemes. 

 Petals yellowish-white, narrowed below into long claws. Fil. slender, exserted. 

 Pods 2' long, glandular-pubescent, siliquose, viscid like every other part of the 

 plant JL 



ORDER XV. RESEDACEJE. MIGNONETTES. 



Herbs, with alternate, entire, or pinnate leaves. Stipules minute, gland-like. Pis. 

 in racemes or spikes, small and often fragrant, 4 7-merous. Sepals somewhat 

 united at base, unequal, green. Petals unequal, entire or cleft, Sta. 8 20, in- 

 serted on the disk. Torus hypogynous, one-sided, glandular. Ova. sessile, 3-lobed, 

 1-celled, many-seeded. Placenta 2, parietal. Fr. a capsule, 1-celled, opening be- 

 tween the stigmas before maturity. (Illustrated in Figs. 295, 422.) 



Genera 6, species 41, inhabiting the countries around the Mediterranean Sea, having no very 

 remarkable properties. Keseda luteola contains a yellow coloring matter, and other species are 

 very fragrant. 



RESEDA, L. (Lat. resedo, to calm ; the plants are said to relieve 

 pain.) Sepals 4 7 ; petals of an equal number, often cleft ; torus 

 large, fleshy, one-sided, bearing the 8 GO stamens. 



1 R. lutdola L. DYER'S WEED. Lvs. lanceolate, with a tooth on each side at base ; 

 sepals 4, united below ; petals (greenish-yellow) 3 5-cleft. (D Nearly natural- 

 ized in West N. T. St. about 2f high. The flowers are arranged in a long 

 spike, which, as Linnsus observes, follows the course of the sun, inclining east, 

 south and west, l>y day, and north by night It affords a useful yellow dye, also, 

 the paint called Dutch pink, Bur. 



2 R. odorata L. MIGNONETTE. Fig. 295, 422. Lvs. cuneiform, entire or 

 3-lobed; sep. shorter than the 7 13-cleft petals. A well known and universal 

 favorite of the garden, native of Egypt. The flowers are highly fragrant and no 

 bouquet should be considered complete without them. The variety FRUTESCENS is 

 by a peculiar training (87) made perennial and raised to the height of 2 

 with the form of a tree. The species phyteuma, native of Palestine, has a calyx 

 larger than the petals. 



ORDER XVI. VIOLACE^E. VIOLETS. 



Herbs with simple (often cleft) alternate leaves with stipules. Fls. irregular, 

 spurred, with the sepals, petals and stamens in 5s. Sep. persistent, slightly united, 

 elongated at base, the 2 lateral interior. Petals commonly unequal, the inferior 

 usually spurred at base. Sta. 5, usually inserted on the hypogynous disk. Fil 

 dilated, prolonged beyond the anthers. Ova. of 3 united carpels, with 3 parietal 



16 



