292 ORDER 44. VITACE^E. 



nu t. Unarmed shrubs, erect or climbing. Lvs. pinnate-veined, witK 



many veinlets. Panicles terminal. 



B. volubilis DC. Climbing, glabrous; Ivs. ovate, straight-veined, repandly ser- 

 rate ; fls. $ $ . Southern States, common in damp, rich soils. St. very supple 

 and tough, climbing 10 to 20f, with smooth, reddish bark and pendant branches. 

 Lvs. about 2' long, with 10 to 13 pairs of veinlets, smooth and shining. Pani- 

 cles small, terminating the branchlets. Drupe dark purple, 3" long, the nut hard 

 aud woody. May, Jn. 



4. SAGER^TIA, Brongn. (Named for M. Sageret, a French florist 

 and veg. physiologist.) Calyx 5-cleft ; petals 5, convolute ; sta- 

 mens 5 ; ovary partly immersed in the entire disk ; style short and 

 thick, with a 3-lobed stigma; berry 3-celled. Shrubs with the slender 

 branches often spiny, and the Ivs. opposite. Fls. in rigid, interrupted 

 spikes. 



S. Michauxii Brongn. Branches at length spiny ; Ivs. ovate or oblong-ovate, sub- 

 sessile, shining and subentire ; fls. very small, in panicled spikes ; petals minute, 

 entire; berry 3-seeded. Car. to Fla. along the coast. Shrub much branched. 

 Lvs. 1' or more long, the veinlets few and obscure, shining above. Oct., Nov. 



ORDER XLIV. VITACE^E. VINES. 



Shrubs with a watery juice, tumid nodes, and usually climbing by tendrils; 

 flowei-s small, regular, racemous, often polygamous or dioecious; calyx minute, 

 truncated, the limb obsolete or 5-toothed; petals hypogynous, valvate in aestivation, 

 as many as and opposite to the stamens } stamens 

 inserted on the disk which surrounds the 2-celled, 

 1-styled ovary. Fruit a berry, usually 4-seeded; 

 seeds, bony, albumen hard. (Fig. 449.) 



Genera 7, species 260, natives of the warmer parts of 

 both hemispheres. The grape fruit is the only important 

 production of this order. The acid of the grape is tartaric. 

 It contains a sugar which differs from the common sugar 

 in containing n smaller quantity of carbon. 

 687 Flower of V. Labrusca. 



1. VITIS, L. GRAPEVINES. (Celtic gwyd, 

 a tree or shrub.) Petals deciduous, coher- 

 ing at the top, or distinct and spreading; 

 ovary partly enclosed within the torus, 2- 

 celled, cells 2-ovuled; stigma sessile, capi- 

 tate; berry 1-celled, 1 to 4-seeded. Ped. 

 often changed into tendrils. 



Petals cohering at top and falling without expanding. 



Leaves hoary or rusty arachnoid-tomentous beneath Nos. 1, 2 



Leaves glabrous except the veins and green both sides Nos. 3, 4, 7 



S Petals free at top, finally expanding and falling. 



Leaves simple, angular or not No. 5 



Leaves bipinnate or ternate No. 6 



Exotic species No. 7 



1 V. labrusca L. Lvs. broad-cordate, angular-lobed, hoary-tomentous be- 

 neath; berries large. This vine is native through the U. S., growing in woods 

 and groves. Like most of the N. Am. species, the flowers are polygamous. 

 St woody, rough-barked, ascending trees often to a great height, and hang- 

 ing like cables suspended from the branches. Lvs. very large, somewhat 3- 

 lobed, at first white-downy beneath. Fls. small, green, in panicles with a leaf 

 opposite. Fr. large, purple, often green or red. It is valued in cultivation for 

 its deep shade in summer arbors, and for its fruit, which is pleasant in taste. 

 The Isabella, and Catawba, and other sorts known in gardens and vineyards are 

 varieties of this species. J 



2 V. aestivalis L. Lvs. broadly cordate, 3 to 5-lobed or palmate-sinuate, coarsely 



