332 ORDER 47. ROSACE^E. 



and branchlets villous-tomentous ; sep. incised,, leafy, as long as the pet .; sty. 5; fr. 

 large, roundish-obovoid, with 5 bony, 1-seeded nuts. Sandy woods, N. J. and 

 Southern States. A much branched shrub, 4 to 7f high. Lvs. 1 to 2' by to 

 ', the upper surface shining and nearly glabrous when old. Fr. greenish-yel- 

 low, near \' diam., eatable when ripe. Apr., May. 



/?. PUBESCENS. Shrubs somewhat larger, with larger, roundish, less downy 



Ivs. ; petals rather longer than the calyx. Spines very slender. Ga. (G. 



elliptica Ait.) 



12. C. flava Ait. SUMMER HAW. Glabrous ; thorns straight or arcuate ; Ivs. 

 membranous, rhombic-obovate, attenuate into a glandular petiole, incised, glandular- 

 toothed and slightly lobed above ; corymbs 1 (often 2 or 3)-flowered, glabrous ; 

 11s. large; sty. 4 or 5; fr. large, pear-shaped, yellowish. In dry, shady places, 

 Ya. to Fla. Tree 15 to 25f high. Lvs. when mature, 2 to 3' long; Fr. 9" long, 

 not well-flavored. Bracts and sepals as well as the petioles glandular. Apr., May. 



13 C. viridis L. Glabrous; thorns few and short; Ivs. thin, roundi.sh or oval, 

 acute at each end, sharply and doubly toothed above ; petioles glandleas (ahvays ?) ; 

 corymbs 3 to G-flowered; Us. rather large, the bracts very glandular ; sop. subu- 

 late ; sty. 2 or 3 (rarely 6 ?) ; fr. large, globular, red, tinged with yellow. Iowa 

 (Cousens) to Fla. Shrubs 12 to 18f high. Lvs. 1 to 2' long, varying from ellip- 

 tic-ovate to deltoid-ovate (C. populifolia Ell.) or even cordate, sometimes slightly 

 lobed, the petioles slender, often as long as the leaf. Fr. 4" diam., purplish, eata- 

 ble. Apr., May. (C. coccinea (3. Torr. & Gr.) 



14 C. berberifolia Torr. & Gr., with coriaceous, oblong-cuneiform Ivs. and (in 

 Sept.) large (6" diam.), deep blue pomes sent from Louisburg, La. by Dr. Hale, is 

 a doubtful member of this difficult genus. 



13. PY'RUS, L. PEAR, APPLE, ETC. (Celtic peren ; Anglo-Saxon 

 pere ; Fr. poire ; Lat. pyrus Eng. pear.) Calyx urceolate, limb 

 5-cleft ; petals 5, roundish ; styles 5 (2 or 3), often united at base ; 

 pome closed, 2 to 5-carpeled, fleshy or baccate ; carpels cartilaginous, 

 2-seeded. Trees or shrubs. Lvs. simple or pinnate. Fls. white or 

 rose-colored, in cyrnous corymbs. 



PTRrs. Lvs. simple, glandless; styles distinct; pome pyriform No. 1 



MALUS. Lvs. simple, "landless ; styles united below ; fr. globous Nos. 24 



AKONIA. Lvs. simple, glandular on the midvein; styles united, etc No. 5 



SOKBUS. Lvs. pinnate ; styles 2 to 5, distinct Nos. 6, 7 



1 P. commtinia L. PEAR TREE. Lvs. ovate-lanceolate, obscurely crenate, 

 glabrous and polished above, acute or acuminate ; corymbs racemous ; cal. and 

 pedicels pubescent; sty. 5, distinct and villous at base. Tree usually taller than 

 the apple, 20 to 35f high. Branches ascending. Lvs. 2 to 3 \' long, as wide ; 

 petioles 1 to 2' long. Fls. white. Native in Europe, where in its wild state the 

 fruit is small and unpalatable. The Romans cultivated 36 varieties (Pliny) but, 

 like the apple, varieties without end arc now raised from the seed of this delicious 

 fruit. \ 



2 P. Mains L. Coxmox APPLE TREE. Lvs. ovate or oblong-ovate, ^ errate, 

 not lobed, downy, the veins all incurved; corymbs subumbellate ; pedicels and 

 calyx villous-tomentous ; pet. with short claws; sty. 5, united and villous at base; 

 pome globous. Native in Europe, and almost naturalized here. Tree 20 to 25f 

 high (in thickets 50 to GO). Branches rigid, crooked, spreading. Lvs. 2 to 3' 

 long, f as wide, petioles i to 1' long. Fls. expanding with the Ivs., fragrant, 

 large, clothing the tree in their light roseate hue, making ample amends for its 

 roughness and deformity. The Romans had 22 varieties (Pliny) but the number 

 is DOW greatly increased. Probably nearly 1000 varieties are cultivated in the 

 U.S. J 



3 P. coronaria L. SWEET-SCENTED CRAB-TREE. Lvs. ovate, rounded at 

 base, incisely serrate, often sublobate, straight-veined, pubescent when young, at 

 length smoothish, on slender petioles ; pet. clawed ; pedicels glabrous ; sep. subu- 

 late; sty. united ana woolly ait fho base ; fr. as well as fis. very fragrant, corymo- 

 ous. Borders of woods, Mid., West, and South. States, A small tree 10 to 20f' 

 high, with spreading branches. Lvs. 2 to 3' Joiig, half as wide, petioles to I' 



