ORDER 47. ROSACE JE. 339 



19. RITBUS, L. BRAMBLE. (Celtic rub, red; the color of the fruit 

 of some species.) Calyx spreading, 5-parted ; petals 5, deciduous; stj> 

 mcns GO, inserted into the border of the disk ; ovaries many, with 2 

 ovules, one of them abortive ; achenia pulpy, drupaceous, aggregated 

 into n compound berry ; radicle superior. 4 Half shrubby plants. Sts, 

 usually (3;, and armed with prickles. Inflorescence imperfectly centri- 

 "ugal. Fr. esculent. 



Fruit inseparable from the juicy, deciduous receptacle. BLACKBERRIES (a) 



a Stemj; (mostly) erect, stout, armed with stout, recurved prickles . ^..No?. 1, 9 



a Stems procumbent, trailing, mostly with slender, minute prickles Nos. 3 to 3 



^g Fruit .separating from tho dry, piTsir-tont ivrrp'.ac-Ie. KASPBERKIES (b) 



b Leaves simple, lobed. Not prickly Nos. 6 to 8 



b Loaves compound. Stems not prickly, herbaceous No. 9 



Stems prickly, shrubby. Corolla* single Nos. 1C 13 



Corollas double No. 13 



1 R. villosus Ait. HIGH BLACKBERRY. Pubescent, viscid and prickly; st. an- 

 gular ; Ifts. 3 to 5, oi'ate^ acuminate, serrate, hairy both sides ; petioles prickly ; caL 

 acuminate, shorter than the petal .3 ; rac. leafless, about 20-Jlowered. A well known. 

 thorny shrub. Can. and U. S. Sts. tall and slender, branching:, recurved at top, 

 :] to Gf high. Lfts. 2|- to 4' by 1-} to 2-J-', terminal one on a long petiolule, the 

 others on short ones or none. Pedicels slender, 1* long. Petals white, obovato 

 or oblong, obtuse. Fr. consisting of about 20 roundish, shining, black, fleshy 

 <;arpels, closely connected into an ovate or oblong head, subacid, well-flavored, 

 ripe in Aug. arid Sept. 



,3. FROXDOSUS Torr. Lits. incisely serrate ; rac. with a few simple Ivs. of leafy 

 bracts at base; fb. about 10 in each cluster, the terminal one opening first, 

 :>s in all the species, the lowest next, and the highest but one last. Fv. more 

 acid and with lower carpels. (R. fronclosus Bw.) 



7. HUMIPUSUS T. & G. St. procumbent or trailing; Ivs. smaller; ped. few- 

 ilowored. Often occurs southward with the erect forms, and with R. trivia* 

 lis, from which it is sometimes hard to be distinguished. 



2 R, cuneifolius Ph. SAND I LACKBERRY. St. erect, shrubby, armed with re- 

 curved prickbs ; Ivs. 3-foliato, and with the young branches and pet. pubescent 

 beneath; Ifts. cuneate-obovate, entire ct base, dentate above, subplicate, tomentoua 

 beneath ; rac. loose, few-flowered. A low shrub, 2 to 3f high, in fandy woods, L. I. 

 to Fla. Petioles often prickly. Lfts. rarely 5, 1 to 2' long, | as wide, obtuse, 

 or with a short acumination. Petals white or roseate, 3 times as long as the cal. 

 Fr. black, juicy, well-flavored, ripe in ,11., Aug. Fls. May, Jn. 



3 R. hispidus L. St. slender, reclining or prostrate, hispid with retrorse bristles { 

 Ivs. 3-foliate, rarely quinate. smooth and green both sides; Ifts. coarsely serrate, 

 oboi'ate, mostly obtuse, thickish, persistent; ped. corymbous, many flowered, with 

 filiform pedicels and short bracts; fls. and//", small. In damp wood?, Can. to Car, 

 Sts. slender, trailing several feet, with suberect branches 8 to 12' high. Lfts. 1 to 

 2' long, as wide, nearly sessile, persistent through the winter. Fls. white. Fr. 

 dusky-purple, sour. May, Jn. (B. sempervircns Bw.) 



p. SETOSUS T. & G. Lfts. oblanceolate, rather narrow. l to 24-' long, tapering, 

 and (like variety a) entiro at base, sharply serrate above. Fr. red. (R. seto- 

 sus Bw.) 



4 R. Canadensis L. NORTHERN DEWBERRY. St. procumbent or trailing, a 

 little prickly ; Ivs. 3-foliate, rarely quinate, Ifts. elliptical or rhomboid-oval acute of 

 acuminate, thin, unequally cut-serrate; pedicels solitary, elongated, somewhat 

 eorymbed; //. large, black. Common in dry, stony fields, Can. to Va., trailing 

 several yards upon the ground. Lfts. light green and membranous, nearly sessile, 

 1 to iy long, $ as wide. Fls. large, on slender pedicels. Petals obovate, white, 

 twice as long as the calyx. Fr. i- to 1' diam., very sweet and juicy in Jl. and 

 Aug. Fls. May. (R. trivialis Ph.)" 



5 R. trivialis MX. SOUTHERN* DEWBERRY. Procumbent, trailing, with root- 

 ing runners, shrubby, armed laith bristles and recurved prickles ; Irs. 3-foliate and 

 quinate, persistent, Ifts. coriaceous, ovate-olkmg or oval, acute or obtuse, tharply 

 serrate ; pod. 1 to 3-flo\vered ; fls. large, prt. romdlsh-obovate ; sep. ol long, obtuse^ 



