ORDER 63. UMBELLIFEILE. 335 



ovato-reniform. 2f. Rt. tuberous. Radical If. triternately decompound. 



Involucrate Ivs. solitary, biternately compound. Involucels of 3 to 6 



entire, linear-spatulate bracts. 



E. bulbdsa Nutt A small, early -flowering herb, shady banks, Western N. T. 

 to Ohio and Mo. Plant 4 to 6' high, from a round tuber deep in the ground, 

 with 2 to 4 Ivs., the lower one radical, numerously divided, the divisions incisely 

 cleft into narrow segments; the upper ones bract-like, similarly divided, each 

 subtending a 3 -rayed umbel of white fls, with dark purple or brownish anthers 

 (hence the odd popular name). March, Apr. 



23. EtTLOPHUS, Nutt. (Gr. ev, true, A60of, crest ; application not ap- 

 parent.) Cal\x limb 5-toothcd, deciduous; petals obovate, cmarginate, 

 with a long inflexcd point; fruit contracted laterally, somewhat double; 

 carpels surrounded with large vittae, 4 in the commissure, ribs obsolete ; 

 seed channelled on the inner face. If Tall, slender, smooth, with dis- 

 sected Ivs. Invol. nearly 0. Involucel setaceous. Fls. white. 



E. Americana Nutt. Near Columbus, Ohio (Sullivant), to Teun. St. round, 

 striate, 3 to 4f high. Lvs. biternately divided, the segm. lance-linear, 1' long, 

 acute; upper Ivs. of 3 long, entire segm. Umbels long-stalked, 8 or 10-rayed. 

 Fr. as large as caraway. Jl. 



24. CONTUM, L. POISON HEMLOCK. (Gr. nuveiov, hemlock, from 

 Kwvof, a top ; because it causes dizziness.) Calyx margin obsolete ; pet- 

 als obeordate, with an acute, inflected point ; fruit ovate, laterally com- 

 pressed ; carpels with 5, acute, equal, undulate crenulate ribs, lateral 

 ones marginal ; intervals without vittrc ; seeds with a deep, narrow 

 groove on the face. ()' Poisonous herbs. Lvs. decompound. Invol. 

 and involucels 3 to 5-leaved, the latter unilateral. Fls. white. 



C. maculatum L. St. spotted ; Ivs. tripinnato ; Ifts. lanceolate, pinnatifld ; fr. 

 smooth. 'Jrows in waste grounds, way-sides. A well known poisonous plant. 

 St. much branched, about 4f high, very smooth, round, hollow, with purplish 

 spots. The lower Ivs. are very large, several times pinnate, bright green, on long, 

 sheathinpr footstalks. Umbels terminal, the invol. of G to 8 lanceolate bracts, tho 

 involucels with the inner half wanting. Fls. small, white. Fr. with undulate or 

 wrinkled ribs. A powerful narcotic, exhaling a disagreeable odor when bruised. 

 Used in medicine. Jl., Aug. Eur. 



25. CICITTA, L. WATER HEMLOCK. (A Latin name used by Vir- 

 gil (Eel. 2d and 5th), but of unknown application.) Calyx margin, of 5 

 broad segments ; petals obcordate, the points inflected ; fruit subglo- 

 bous, didymous ; carpels with 5 flattish, equal ribs, 2 of them marginal ; 

 intervals filled with single vittaB, commissure with 2 vittae ; carpophore 

 2-parted ; seeds terete. 2|! Aquatic poisonous herbs. Leaves com- 

 pound. Steins hollow. Umbels perfect. Invol. few leaved or 0. In- 

 volucels many leaved. Flowers white. 



1 C. maculata L. St. streaked with purple ; lower Ivs. triternate and quinate ; 

 upper biternate; segments lanceolate, mucronately serrate; umbels terminal and 

 axillary. Common in wet meadows, U. S. and Can. St. 3 6f high, smooth, 

 striate, jointed, hollow, glaucous, branched above. Lfts. or segm. 1 3' long, ^ 

 J' wide, finely serrate, the veins mostly running to the notches, rarely to tho 

 points ; umbels rather numerous, naked, 2 4' broad. Involucels of 5 6 short 

 narrow, acute bracts. Fr. H" diam., 10-ribbed, crowned with tho permanent 

 calyx and styles. JL, Aug. The thick, fleshy root is a dangerous poison, but 

 sometimes used in medicine. 



2 C. bulbffera L. Axils of the branches bulbiferous ; Ivs. biternately divided ; Ifts. 

 linear, with remote, divergent teeth ; umbels terminal and axillary. In wet mea- 

 dows, Penn..to Can. Stem 3 tf high, round, striate, hollow, green, branching. 



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