ORDER 65. CORNACEJE. 391 



herbs. Lvs. (mostly opposite) entire. Fls. in cymes, often iuvolucrate. 

 Floral envelops valvate iu aestivation. Bark bitter, tonic. 



S Cymes subtended by .1 4-leaved, white involucre Nos. 1, 2 



Cymes naked. Leaves alternate No. 8 



Leaves opposite. Twigs and cymes pubescent No. 4 



Twigs, &c., glabrous. Drupes white Nos. 5, 



-DruUs blue Nos. 7, S 



1 C. Canadensis. L. Low CORNEL OK DOG-WOOD. Herbaceous, low ; upper 

 Ivs. whorled, veiny, on short petioles ; st. simple. A small, pretty plant, in woods, 

 nearly throughout N. Am., N. of lat. 39. Rhizome creeping, woody. Tho 

 flowering stems erect 4 to 8' high, bearing 2 small bracts in the middle, and a 

 whorl of (3 leaves at the top, two of which are larger, placed a little lower and 

 opposite. An umbellate cyme of flowers arises from the center of the whorl, 

 and with its large, showy involucre of 4 whito leaves, might easily bo taken for 

 a single flower. A bunch of red berries succeeds. Tho barren st. supports a 

 whorl of -1 equal leaves. May, Jn. 



2 C. florida L. FLOWERING DOGWOOD. Arboreous ; Ivs. opposite, ovate, acu- 

 minate, entire ; fls. small, in a close, cymous umbel or head, surrounded by a 

 very large, 4 leaved, obcordate involucre. A tree from 20 to 30f in height, very 

 ornamental when in flower. Woods, U. S. and Can. Wood hard and compact, 

 covered with a rough, extremely bitter bark, used in medicine as a tonic, Lvs. 

 (partially expanded at flowering) nearly smooth, veiny, pale beneath. Tho true 

 fls. are inconspicuous, greenish yellow, but the involucre is very largo and showy, 

 of veiny, white obovate Ivs. ending in a callous point, which is turned up or 

 down so abruptly as to appear emarginato. Drupes red. May. 



3 C. alternifolia L. Lvs. alternate, oval, acute, hoary beneath; branches 

 alternate, verrucous ; drupes purple, globous. A small tree, N. and W. States 

 and Can., about twice the height of the last, in moist woods. The branches are 

 smooth, even, spreading from the upper part of the stem, and forming a depressed 

 summit. Bark greenish, marked with warty streaks. Lvs. irregularly scattered 

 along the branches, oval-lanceolate, acute, entire veined, whitish underneath, on 

 rather long stalks. Fls. pale bull' color, in a looso cyme. Jn. 



4 C. sericea L. Branches spreading, purplish, branchkts woolly; Ivs. ovate, 

 rounded at base, acuminate, silky-pubescent Iteneath ; cymes depressed, woolly ; 

 drupes bright blue. U. S. and Can. A variety has Ivs. tapering at base. A 

 shrub about 8f high, with opposite, dusky purple branches, and dark red shoots. 

 Lvs. 2 to 4' long, -J as wide, varying from ovate and oval to lanceolate, nearly 

 smooth above, with rather prominent veins; petioles to 1' long. Fls. yellowish 

 white, appearing in June. 



5 C- paniculata L'Her. Branches erect, grayish, smooth ; Ivs. ovate-lanceolate, 

 acuminate, roughish above, hoary beneath ; cymes paniculate ; drupes white. A 

 handsome shrub lOf high, profusely flowering, common in low woodlands and 

 thickets, N. and W. States and Can. It has numerous and very branching sts. 

 covered with grayish bark, the shoots chestnut-colored. Lvs. 1 to 3' long. Fls. 

 small, white in all their parts, in many small, conical cymes, succeeded by drupes 

 as large as peas. May, Jn. 



6 C. stolonifera MX. RED OSIER. St. often stoloniferous ; branches smooth ; 

 shoots virgate, reddish purple ; Ivs. broad-ovate, acute, pubescent, hoary beneath ; 

 cymes naked, flat ; berries white. A small tree, N. and W. States, and Can., 

 8 to lOf in height, with smooth, slender, spreading branches, which are commonly 

 red, especially in winter. It often sends out from its base prostrate and rooting 

 stems, with erect shoots. Fls. in terminal cymes, white, followed by bluish- 

 white drupes. May, Jn. 



7 C. stricta Lam. Branches erect, brown, glabrous ; Ivs. elliptical or lance-ovate, 

 nearly glabrous and green both sides ; acute at base, long-acuminate at apex ; 

 petioles very short; cymes loose, umbel-like, fastigiate, glabrous; cal. teeth sub- 

 ulate, half as long as ovary; pet. ovate-lanceolate, rather acute; anthers and 

 drupes pale blue. Swamps, Va. to Fla. Shrub 8 to 12fhigb, readily known 

 by its slender-pointed, short-stalked Ivs. Apr. 



