400 ORDBB G7 RUBIACE^E. 



j3. LANCEOLATUH Torr. Very smooth ; Ivs. lanceolate; fr. sessile. A fine va- 

 riety with larger leaves (2' or more in length). Fls. purple. (G. Torreyi Bw.) 



y. MONTANUM T. & G. Dwarf; Ivs. obovate. White Mts. (Oakes.) (G. L!t- 

 telli Oakes.) 



4 G. latifolium MX. St. erect, smooth; Ivs. in 4s, lanceolate, 3-veined, very 

 acute ; ped. axillary (leafy) and terminal, about twice trichotomous ; purple Jis. 

 afid smooth fruit on filiform pedicels. Mts. E. Tenn. and Ya. to Ga. An elegant 

 species. St. about 2f high. Lvs. 1 to 2' long. Fls. very small, pedicels 2 to 6" 

 long, divaricate. Jl. 



5 G. boreale L. St. erect, smooth; Ivs. in 4s, linear-lanceolate, rather acute, 

 3-veined, smooth ; fls. in a terminal pyramidal panicle. Grows in rocky, shady 

 places, N. States and Brit. Am. Sts. If or more high, several together, branched 

 above. Lvs. 12 to 20" by '1 to 9'', tapering to an obtusish point. Fls. numer- 

 ous, small, white, in a thyrsc-Hko panicle at top of the stem. Fr. small. Jl. (G. 

 septeutrionale Bw.) 



6 G. hispidulum MX. Diffuse, minutely hispid; Ivs. in 4s, oval, thickish, mostly 

 acute or mucronate ; peel, axillary, 1 to 3-flowered ; fr. fleshy and berry-like, large, 

 bluish-purple. S. Car to Fla. and La. Sts. sharply 4-angled. Lvs. 5 to 7" by 2 

 to 3", margin somewhat revolute. Pedicels of the fr. about 6" long. May Oct. 



7 G. uniflomm MX. Glabrous sts. coespitous, slender, many, ascending ; Ivs. in 

 4s. linear, acute ; ped. axillary, solitary, bearing 2 to 4 bracts, mostly 1-flowered ; 

 fr. oblong, fleshy, smooth, purple. Damp woods, S. Car. to Fla. and La. St 

 straight, nearly simple, about If high, the Ivs. about 1' by 1'', and 1-veined. Fr. 

 smaller than in Xo. G. May. 



8 G. triflorum MX. St. weak, often procumbent, smoothish, shining ; Ivs. in iia 

 and Gs, elliptic and lanceolate, acuminate-cuspidate, 1-veined, scarcely ciliate on 

 the margin ; ped. elongated, axillary, 3 (rarely 2)-flowered at the extremity, often 

 twice di- or trichotomous ; fls. pedicellate ; fr. hispid with hooked hairs. Moist 

 woods, Can. and U. S. St. 1 to 3f long, slightly branched. Lvs. 1 to 2' long, 

 :is broad, often obovato. Fl. greenish white, small. Fr. whitish, with its uncinato 

 clothing. Jl. 



9 G. asprellum MX. HOUGH CLEAVERS or CLIVERS. St. diffuse, very branch- 

 ing, rough backwards ; Ics. in Gs, 5s, or 4s, lanceolate, acuminate or cuspidate, mar- 

 gin and midvein retrorsely aculeate ; ped. short, in 2s or 3s. Common iu thickets 

 and low grounds, Can. and N". States. St. weak, 2 to 5f long, leaning on other 

 plants, and closely adhering to them by its minute, retrorse prickles. Lvs. 5 to 

 8" by 2 to 3 '. Fla. white, small and numerous. Fr. minute, smooth, often 

 slightly hispid when young. Jl. 



10 G. trifidum L. DYER'S CLEAVERS. GOOSE-GRASS. St. decumbent, very 

 branching, roughish with retrorso prickles ; Ivs. in 5s and 4s, linear-oblong or ob- 

 lanceolate, obtuse, rough-edged; parts of the fls. mostly in 3s. U In low, wet 

 grounds, Can. and U. S. It is ono of the smallest of the species. Lvs. 3 to G" 

 by 1 to 2'', often cuneatc at base. Peel, mostly in 3s, and axillary. Fls. small, 

 white. Jl. 



:?. TiJfCToRiCM Torr. St. nearly smooth ; Ivs. of the- st. in 6s, of tho branches 

 in 4s; ped. 2 or 3-flowered; parts of the fl. in 4s. A somewhat less slen- 

 der variety than the first. The root is said to dye a permanent red. (G. tinc- 

 torium L.) 



-.: LATIFOLIUM Torr. Lvs. in 4s, oblanceolate, obtuse ; ped. 3-flowered ; parU 

 of the fl. in 4s. 



11 G. concinmun Torr. & Gr. St. decumbent, diffusely branched, retrorsely 

 scabrous on the angles ; las. in Gs. linear, glabrous, 1-veined, scabrous upwards on 

 the margins; ped. filiform, twice or thrice trichotomous, with short pedicels; 

 lobes of the corolla acute. Dry woods and hills, Mich., Ky., Ind. Sts. very 

 slender, 10 to 15' high. Lvs in numerous whorls, 5 to 8" by 1", slightly broader 

 in the middle. Fls. minute and numerous, white. Jn. 



12 G. Aparine L. St. weak, procumbent, retrorsely prickly ; Ivs. in 8s, Is, or 6?, 

 linear-oblanceolate, mueronate, rough on the midvein and margin ; ped. axillary, 

 1 to 2-flowered. '"! In wet thickets, Can. and X. States to Ind. (Plummer.) Sts. 

 several feet long, leaning on other plants and closely adhering by their hooked 



