428 ORDER 70. COMPOSITE. 



lucre nearly in one row and equal ; pappus generally simple. Herbs 

 -with alternate Ivs. Rays cyanic. Disk yellow. 



Rays minute, shorter than the cylindrical involucre. Pappus simple Nos. 1,2 



Kays Ion::, showy, 30 to 40. Pappus simple. Leaves all radical No. 3 



jj Kays long, showy, 50 to 200. Pappus simple. Leaves clasping Nos. 4 6 



Pappus double. Leaves sessile, &c Nos. 7 9 



1 E. Canadeiise L. Invol. oblong; rays numerous (40 50), crowded, minute; 

 pappus simple; st. hairy, paniculate; Ivs. lanceolate, lower ones subserrate. A 

 very common annual plant of no beauty, growing by roadsides and in fields. 

 throughout N. Am. Stem \ 9fl high, branching, hairy and furrowed. Leaves 

 very narrow, with rough edges. Flowers white, very numerous, small, of mean 

 appearance, irregularly racemous upon the branches, and constituting a large, ob- 

 long panicle. The plant varies greatly in size, according to the soil. A starved 

 form is E. pusillum Nutt. 



2 E. divaricatum MX. Decumbent and diffusely branched, hirsute ; Ivs. linear 

 and subulate ; hds. very small, loosely corymbous ; rays minute. Dry soil, "W. 

 States S. to La. Plant of a greyish or bluish aspect, 3 6' high, but at length 

 spreading 1 2f. Leaves 4 12'' by \ 1". Rays purplish. June Aug. 



3 E. nudicaulo MX. Glabrous ; Ivs. obovatc or spatulate, radical, rosulate, en- 

 tire ; one or two sessile, bract-like on the simple stem or scape ; hds. few, corymb- 

 ous; invol. hemispherical; rays narrow, 30 or more, conspicuous. Pine barrens, 

 Va. to Fla. and La. Lvs. about 2' long. Scape 18' high, very slender. Rays 

 white. May, Jn. 



4 E. bellidifolium Muhlenb. ROBINS' PLANTAIN. Hirsute ; radical Ivs. obo- 

 vate, obtuse, subserrate; si. Ivs. remote, mostly entire, lance-oblong, acute, clasping ; 

 hds. 3 7, in a close, terminal corymb ; rays 50 to 60, nearly twice longer than the 

 involucre, Unear-spatulate. Dry fields and thickets, U. S. and Can. Stem erect, 

 simple, sometimes stoloniferous, 1 2f high. Leaves 2 3' by G 9", mostly 

 broadest above tho middle. Rays bluish (rarely reddish)-purple. This is our ear- 

 liest species, flowering in May and June. Resembles tho following. (E. pulchel- 

 lum MX.) 



5 E. Philadelphictim L. Pubescent or hirsute ; Ivs. thin, lower spatulate, ere- 

 nate-dentate, upper obiong-oblanceolate, narrowed to the clasping (sometimes cor- 

 date-auriculate) base, subserrate ; hds. few, on long, slender ped. ; rays 150 to 

 200, filiform, more than twice longer than the invol. Woods and pastures 

 throughout X. Am. St. slender, 1 to 3f high. Lvs. 2 to 4' by G to 9", lower 

 much attenuated at base, upper acute. Rays reddish-purple or flesh-colored, 

 nearly as .slender as hairs. Jn. Aug. 



/3. RICARDI. Cauline Ivs. cordate-ovate. Meriden, N. II. (Ricard). 

 y. St. stout, with coarsely serrate Ivs., approaching the next. 



6 E. quercifoliuni Lam. Pubescent; rt. Ivs. oblong-obovate, lyratc-j)innatifid, or 

 deeply sinuate-toot! ltd, tho cauline sharply serrate, clasping; upper entire; hds. 

 small, numerous, corymbous, with innumerable filiform rays, twice longer than 

 tho invol. S. Car. to Fla. and La. Differs from the preceding in its smaller and 

 more numerous hds. as well as its Ivs. Rays pale purple. Mar. Jn. 



7 E. anmmia Per?. COMMON FLEAB.VXE. WHITE-WEED. Hirsute, with scat- 

 tered hairs, branching; Ivs. coarsely serrate, the lowest ovate, contracted at base 

 into a winged potiole, stem leaves ovate-lanceolate, sessile, acute, the highest lan- 

 ceolate; rays very numerous and narrow; pappus double. A common weed, in 

 fields and waste grounds, Can. to Penn. and Ky. Stem thick, 2 4f high, striate, 

 terminating in a 1 irge, diffuse, corymbous panicle of large heads. Rays white or 

 purplish, 100 or more, short. Ju. Aug. (E. heterophyllum Muhl.) 



8 E. strigcsnm L. Plant, rough, with short, oppressed hairs, or nearly smooth ; 

 Ivs. lanceolaL', tapering to each end, entire, or w 'th a feio large teeth in the middle, 

 lower ones 3-vcined and petiolate; pan. corymbous ; pappus double. A rough 

 weed, in grassy fields, Can. and U. S. St. about 2f high, slender, furrowed, with 

 close, short, stiff hairs, and bearing a large, loose corymb. Lvs. also with close- 

 pressed bristles, sessile. Rays very narrow, white. Jn. Oct. 



p. St. simple, smooth; Ivs. entire, pubescent; fls. corymbed; rays 100 to 158. 

 (E. integrifolinm Bw.) 



