474 ORDER 70. COMPOSITE. 



scales), glabrous, abruptly narrowed to a long, filiform beak ; pappus 

 copious, soft, capillary, white, fugacious. Herbs with leafy stems and 

 paniculate hds. of various colors. (Fig. 333.) 



1 L. graminifolia MX. St. terete, simple, strict ; Ivs. long, linear, entire, or the 

 lower sparingly sinuate-lobed, the lobes turned backwards ; panicle loose, naked ; 

 scales 6 to 9; fls. 20 or more ; ach. oval, as long as their beaks (2"). Dry soiJs, 

 S. Car., Ga. to La. St. 2 to 4f high, not very slender, hollow. Lvs. partly clasp- 

 ing, 3 to 6 to 8' long, 3 to 4" wide. Cor. purple, varying to white, rarely yellow. 

 Apr. Sept. 



2 L. elongata L. TRUMPET MILKWEED. Lvs. smooth and pale beneath, am- 

 plexicaul, runcinate-pinnatifid, upper lanceolate, entire, sessile; hds. racemous- 

 paniculate ; scales lew; fls. 12 or more. A common rank plant, growing iii 

 hedges, thickets, where the soil is rich and damp. St. hollow, stout, 3 to 6f 

 high, often purple, bearing a leafless, spreading panicle of numerous hds. of fls. 

 Lvs. very variable, the lower G to 12' long, commonly deeply runcinate. Corol- 

 las yellow, varying to purplish. Achenia oblong, compressed, about the length 

 of the beak. Jl., Aug. 



/?. INTEGRIFOLIA. Lva. nearly all undivided, lanceolate, sessile, the lowest 



often sagittate at base. (L. integrifolia Bw. L. sagittifolia ELL) 

 y. SANGUINEA. Leaves runcinate, amplexicaul, mostly pubescent, glaucous 



beneath ; fls. purple. St. 2 to 3f high, often purple. (L. sanguinarea Bw.) 

 3 L. sativa L. GARDEN LETTUCE. St. corymbous ; Ivs. suborbicular, tho 

 cauline ones cordate. (J) Cultivated for salad. Plant with very smooth, yellow- 

 ish green foliage, which in one variety (capitata) is so abundant as to form iieads 

 like the cabbage. Fls. numerous, small, with yellowish corollas. The milky 

 juico contains opium, hence the unpleasant narcotic effects when eaten too 

 freely. $ 



i!3. MULGE'DIUM, Cass. WILD LETTUCE. (Lat. mulgeo, to milk ; 

 in allusion to the milky juice.) Involucre many-flowered, somewhat 

 double, the outer series of scales short and imbricated ; receptacle 

 naked, faveolate ; pappus copious, soft, capillary, crowning the short 

 beaked achcnia, which are compressed contrary to the scales. Lvs. 

 mostly spinulous. lids, with many yellow or cyanic fls. (Sonchus, 

 Willd. Agathyrsus, Don.) (Fig. 332.) 



S Corollas blue. Pappus bright white Nos. 1,2 



Corollas cream-colored, turning purplish. Pappus tawny No. 3 



1 M. acuminatum DC. Lrs. ovate, acuminate, petiolate, dentate, undivided, or 

 the radical slightly runcinate ; hds. loosely paniculate, on somewhat bracteolate 

 peduncles; ach. slightly beaked. In hedges aud thickets, N. Y. to Ind. and S. 

 States. A smooth plant. 3 to 6f high, with tho stem often purplish. Lvs. 3 to 

 (J' long, the lower ones often deltoid-hastate or trunea.o at base, sinuate-denticu- 

 late, narrowed at base into a winged petiole. Hds. smalL Scales dark purple, 

 with blue corollas. Pappus white on the short-beaked, ovate-acuminate achenia, 

 Aug., Sept. 



2 M. Floridanum DC. Lvs. runcinatdy pinnate-parted; segm. few, serrate- 

 dentate, upper ones triangular, acute or acuminate ; panicle loose, erect, com- 

 pound ; ach. short-beaked. W. and S. States, hedges and waste grounds. Plant 

 with a terminal panicle of blue flowers. St. 3 to 6f high. Lvs. 4 to 8' long, 

 variable in form. Hds. small. Rays expanding 9 '. Jl. Sept. 



3 M. leucophgeum DC. Lvs. numerous, lyrate-runcinate, coarsely dentate; 

 hds. paniculate, on squamous-bracteate peduncles ; pappus tawny ; cor. yellowish. 

 Moist thickets, N. and W. States. A tall, leafy plant, nearly smooth. St. 4 to 

 lOf high. Lvs. 5 to 12' long, irregularly divided, the segm. repand-toothed, tho 

 radical on long stalks, tho upper ones sessile, often undivided. Hds. small, in a 

 long, slender panicle. Aug., Sept. 



114. SON THUS, L. SOW-THISTLE. (Tho ancient name.) Invo- 

 lucre many-flowered imbricate, cf numerous uv. equal scales, at length 



