G32 ORDER 113. TJLMACE^L 



wstcnt, with 6 spreading, colored segments; stamens 3, very short, 

 litatnents united at base, anthers didymous. $ Calyx as in the $ ; 

 stylus 3, bifid ; capsule 3-celled; cells 2-valved, 1 2-seeded. Herbs 

 or shrubs with alternate, stipulate leaves and minute, axillary flowers. 



P. Carolinensis Walt. (P. obovatus Willd.) St. erect, herbaceous, with alter- 



' nato branches ; Ivs. simple, entire, glabrous, oval and obovate, obtuse, slightly 



petioled ; fls. few, subsolitary. axillary. (T) A small-leaved, delicate plant, Penn. 



to 111. and South. Stem 6 10' high, slender, the branches filiform. Leaves of 



the stem 6 8" 03' 4 5". of the branches twice, and of the branchlets four times 



> smaller. Flowers 1 3 in each axil, the $ with the ? nearly l" diam., whitish. 



July, Aug. 



10. PACHYSAN'DRA, MX. (Gr. X v?, thick, dvdpa, stamen.) 

 Flowers 8 , apetalous, in bracteate spikes ; calyx 4-parted ; $ stamens 4, 

 filaments distinct, large, subclavate ; ovary a rudiment ; ? styles 3, re- 

 carved; capsule 3-horncd, 3-cclled, cells 2-valvcd, 2-seeded. If Herbs 

 procumbent, from long, creeping, rhizomes. Lvs. nearly glabrous, alter- 

 nate, cxstipulate. Spikes situated below the Ivs. 



Pi procumbens MX. Sts. simple ; Ivs. few, oval, coarsely crenate-toothed, nar- 

 rowed into a slender petiole ; spikes from near the base of the stem, oo -flowered, 

 the fertile below the sterile each subtended by 2 or 3 narrow bracts. Mts. of 



Va. and E. Tenn. to Ga. Sts. 6 to 9' long. Lvs. 1 to 2', all of them above the 

 , few spikes which are about the same length. Mar. May. 



H. BUX'US, L. BOX-WOOD. (The Greek name of this plant was 

 jrvi;o.J Flowers 5, axillary. $ Calyx 3-leaved, petals 2;\sta. 4, with 

 the rudiment of an ovary. ? Cal. 4-sepalcd ; pet. 3 ; sty. 3 ; caps, 

 with 3 beaks and 3 cells ; seeds 6. Shrubs and trees. Lvs. evergreen, 

 opposite. 



B. sempervirens L. Lvs. ovate: petioles hairy at edge; anth. ovate, sag- 

 ittate. Var. AXGUSTIFOLIA has narrow, lanceolate leaves. Var. SUPFUUTICOSA, 

 . the dwarf box has obovate leaves and a stem scarcely woody, highly esteemed 

 for edgings in gardens. The box with its varieties is native of Europe, and fur- 

 nishes the well-known box-wood so extensively used by engravers, mathematical 

 instrument makers, &c. 



ORDER CXIII. ULMACE^. ELMWORTS. 



' Trees with a colorless juice, alternate, deciduous leaves and stipules, with tho 

 flowers perfect, or abortively polygamous, in Ioos3 clusters, never in amenta. Calyx 

 subcampanulatc, bearing the stamens opposite to its lobes, filaments straight, ovary 

 free, 1 cr 2-celled, with two stigmas, forming in fruit a samara or a drupe. Seed 

 suspended, with no albumen and leafy cotyledons. Fig. 46. E. 115, 437. 

 Genera 0, species GO, native of the northern temperate zone. 



" Properties. Astringent, mucilaginous, innoxious. The mucilaginous bark nf tho Slippery Elm 

 f fuipoa fulva) is the only important medicinal product. Most of tlio Elms afford excellent tiinbor. 



I. UL'MUS, L. ELM. (The Latin name, from elm, Teutonic.) Flowers 

 2 . Calyx cnmpanulate, 4 to 8-clcft ; stamens 4 to 8 ; styles 2 ; ovary 

 compressed forming a flattened samara with a broad membranous bor- 

 der. Trees, rarely shrubs. Lvs. scabrous, often abrupt at base. Fls. 

 fasciculate or raccmcd, appearing before the Ivs. 



Samara ciliate-fringed with hairs, and on slender pedicels, (a) 



a Flowers and fruit corynibous-iimbellate. Branches not corky No. 1 



a Flowers' and fruit, manifestly raoemed. Hi-finches corky Nos. 2, 8 



S Samara destitute <.f a fringe, ubses>ilo or short pediceled Nos. 48 



