634 ORBKU 114. ARTOCARPACE^E. 



3. CEL'TIS, Tonrn. NETTLE TREE. SUGAR-BERRY, (Celtis was 

 the ancient name for the Lotus.) Flowers inonecio-polygamous. & 

 Calyx G-partecl ; stamens G ; calyx 5-parted ; stamens 5 ; style 2 ; 

 : tigmas subulate, elongated, spreading ; drupe globular, 1-seeded, seed 

 \vith little albumen. Trees or large shrubs. Lvs. mostly oblique at, 

 base. Fls. subsolitary, axillary. 



1 C. occidentalis L. Trees ; Ivs. ovato, subcordato or truncate, acuminate, en 

 tire and unequal at base, serrate, rough above, and rough-hairy beneath ; pedun- 

 cle longer than tho petiole ; sep. triangular-ovate, erect ; fr. solitary. Tree somo 

 30f high in N. Eng. where it is rarely found, much larger (3 to 5fdiam., 50 to 70f 

 Ligh) and more abundant South and West. The trunk has a rough but unbroken 

 bark, with numerous slender, horizontal branches, forming a wide-spread and 

 dense top. Lvs. with a long acumination, and remarkably unequal at the broad 

 base. Fls. axillary, solitary, small and white, succeeded by a small, round drupe. 



ft. CRASSIFOLIA. Lvs. thick, rough, serrate, cordate, dark green and mottled 

 above. Also a largo tree, tall in woods, wide-spread in open lands. Both 

 are often mistaken for Elms. 



}. INTEGRIFOLIA. Lvs. entire, thin, smooth; bark smooth and unbroken. 

 Banks of the Miss., St. Louis, to N. Orleans. Wo have specimens with most 

 of the Ivs. perfectly entire, some on the same branch with 1 or 2 notches, 

 others notched a fourth of the circuit, &c. (C. Mississippionsis Bosc.) 



2 C. pdmila Ph. Shrub; Ivs. broadly ovate, acute or slightly acuminate, partly 

 serrate, smooth on both sides, pubescent only when young ; (Is. solitary ; sep. 

 mostly 6. oblong-linear, as long as tiie styles, horizontally spreading. A straggling 

 shrub, 3 to lOf high, in hilly districts, Va. to Fla. (Chattahoochee). Flowering at 

 the height of (2f Nutt) 6f. The peculiarity of the flower may perhaps entitle 

 this shrub to tho rank of a species. Sep. near 2" long. Drupes glaucous black, 

 sweet. Mar. May. 



ORDER CXIV. ARTOCARPACE^. ARTOCARPS. 



Trees or shrubs with a milky acrid or noxious juice, with largo deciduous stipules. 

 lowers $ ? or Q , collected into dense heads or amcnts, naked or with a lobed calyx. 

 Ovary free, 1 (rarely 2)-celled, 1-ovuled, forming fleshy, aggregated fruit (sorosis or 

 syconus, 580). Achenium with an erect or pendulous, albuminous seed. Figs. 3G, 

 149, 450, 451. 



Genera 31. species 240 ? generally natives of tho tropics or nt least of warm climates. They 

 are closely allied to the Nettleworts, differing chiefly in fruit, juice and habit. 



Properties. The juice is almost always deleterious, sometimes in a high degree. It contains 

 enouMiouc. Tlie celebrated Bokon Upas, the most deadly of all poisons, is tlie concrete juice 

 of Antiaris toxicaria of tho Indian Archipelago. Its poisonous property is said to be due to the 

 presence of utrycfinia. Meanwhile the famous row tree of S. America yields milk which is rich 

 and wholesome. Gum lite is obtained abundantly from Fleas Indiea. 'The renowned Banyan 

 tree is Ficus religiosa. In this order are also found many excellent fruits, fifjxnn- the fruit of 

 Ficus Carica, &c. Bi-end fruit is the compound fruit of Artocarpus ; intdbei-i-iea of Morns 

 iiigra. Fustic, a yellow dye, is the wood of M. tinctoria of S. America. 



Flowers inside the excavated receptacle, both kinds together Ficus. 4 



J Flowers external, the 2 kinds separate, in two kinds of amcnts. (-) 



* Calyx none. Fertile flowers in a globular ament. Thorny MAOLURA. " 



Calyx 4-parted. Fertile ament globular. Style 1 UUOUSSOXKTIA. 2 



* Calyx 4-partcd, lobes spreading. Fertile amcnts oblong. Styles 2 Moiius. ; 



1. MO V RUS, Tourn. MULBERRY. (Celtic mor, black ; the color of the 

 fruit.) Flowers monoecious or dioecious, the $ in loose catkins ; the 

 $ in dense spike-like catkins ; calyx 4-partcd ; stamens 4 ; styles 2 ; 

 r.chenium compressed, enclosed -within the baccate calyx, the whole 

 rpikc thus constituting a compound berry (sorosis.) Trees with alter- 

 nate, generally lobed Ivs. Fls. inconspicuous. 



