ORDER 154. ERIOCATJLOX'ACE^E. 7'J'J 



scales rounded-obovate ; sep. shorter than the scales, fringed along the winged keel. 

 Wet pine barrens, Ga. (Feay). Scapes strict, 1 to 3f high. Lvs. strict. 6 to I), 

 by 2 to 4", gradually acute. " Heads 7 to 9" long. Aug., Sept. (X. brevifoliu 

 Ell.) The leaves in our specimens are not all rough-edged as in Kunth's. 

 5 X. fimbriata Eil. FEATHERED XTRIS. Lvs. linear-gladiate, erect, nearly as 

 long as the scape which is strict, striate, and enlarged at the summit ; head oval 

 or oblong, scales rounded, loosely imbricated ; sep. twice(!) longer than the 

 bracts,, conspicuously fringed on the keel above. Sandy swamps. R. I. (Olney'i, 

 N. J., (Rev. L T. Holton) to Fla Scape 2 to 3f high. Lvs. 20 to 30' long, about 

 3" wide, sheathing below. Head 6 to 8" long. Bracts tawny-edged. Seeds 

 innumerable, elliptical, minute. Jl., Aug. 



ORDER CLIY. ERIOCAULONACEJE. PIPEWORTS. 



Herbs perennial, aquatic, with linear, spongy, cellular leaves, sheathing at base. 

 Floictrs monoecious or dioecious, in a dense head. Perianth 2 to 6-parted or want- 

 ing. Stamens 6, some of them generally abortive. Anthers mostly 1 -celled, in- 

 trorse. Ovary 2 or 3-celled, cells 1-seeded. Seeds pendulous. 



Genera 9, species 200, chiefly tropical. They are of no known use. 

 GEXERA. 



* Stamens (4 or 6) twice as many as the petals. (Scape 7 to 12-rlbbed) ERIOCACLOX. 1 



* Stamens 3, as many as the petals. (Scape 5-ribbed, puberulent.) PJEPALAXTHUS. 4 



* Stamens 3, and no petals. Scape 5-ribbed, short, hairy LACIINOCACLOS. 3 



1. ERIOCAU'LON, L. PIPEWORT. (Gr. epiov, wool, /cavAof, stem.) 

 Flowers 8 , collected into an imbricated bead ; involucre of many bracts ; 



$ in the disk (rarely mixed) ; perianth double; sepals 3, subregular; 

 petals united to near the summit ; stamens twice as many as the petals ; 



$ in the margin ; perianth double ; sepals 3, petals 2 or 3, distinct ; 

 stamens ; ovary sessile or stipitate ; style 1, stigmas 2 or 3 ; capsule 

 2 or 3-seeded. 2 Acaulescent. Lvs. grass-like, flat, tufted at the base 

 of the slender, simple, one-headed, fluted scape. (Fls. 4-parted in one 

 species.) 



1 E. decangulare L. Scape tall, slender, marked with 10 ribs and furrows; 

 Ivs. linear-ensifonn, suberect, lialf as long as the scape; bracts of the depressed in- 

 volucre acute ; chaff acuminate and tipped with a white fringe as well as the 

 perianth. Ponds, in pine barrens, S. States, common. Scape 1 to of high, very 

 strict, clustered. Lvs. 6 to 16' high, 3 to 4" wide. Head 5" broad, very wliita 

 with the fringes, the corollas tipped with black. Jl., Aug. 



2 E. gnaphaloides MX. Scape tall, slender, marked with 10 ribs and furrows; 

 h's. ensifbrm, subulate, many times sJiorter than the scape, spreading ; invol. de- 

 pressed; bracts obtusish; chaff acute, white fringed as well as the perianth. 

 Swampy pine barrens, N. J. to Fla., common. Scape mostly single, If to 30' high. 

 Lvs. 2 to 4' long, 3 to 5" wide, gradually tapering to an acute or setaceous point. 

 Head similar to Xo. 1. Jn. Aug. 



3 E. septangulare Withering. Scape slender, 1-furrowed, short or tall, and 

 weak according to the depth of the water ; Ivs. linear-setaceous, pdlucid, 5-veined, 

 very short ; hsad small, globular ; bracts of the invol. obtuse. In shallow water. 

 Can. to X. J. and Mich. Sis. clustered. 3' to 3f, filiform, reaching the surface of 

 the water. Lvs. in a small tuft, submersed. Head 2 to 3'' diam., white with the 

 fringes of the compact flowers. JL. Aug. 



2. PPALANTHUS, Mart. (Gr. TraiTraAT), dust or powder, avOog.) 

 Flowers 3-parted ; stamens in the sterile flowers 3 ; stigmas in the 

 fertile flowers 3 ; capsule 3-seeded. Otherwise nearly as in Eriocaulon, 

 from which the uenus was separated. 



