756 ORDER 155. CYPERACE^l. 



leaves towards the base ; Ivs. erect, close ; whole plant glaucous except the spike.* 

 Wet places, common. Nearer C. caespitosa than C. stricta. 



61 C. stricta Gooden. $ Spikes 1 2, cylindric, lower one sessile, and the scale 

 rusty brown and obtuse ; 2 spikes 2 3, long-cylindric, upper half $ , lower 

 longer, short-pedunculate, loosely-flowered below ; perig. ovate-acumiuato or ellip- 

 tic, compressed at the orifice entire or slightly cmarginate, and its glume strongly 

 ferruginous, the lower ones acute-lanceolate, the upper linear and obtuse, commonly 

 longer and narrower than the perigynia; st. 2f with reticulated filaments connect- 

 ing the leaves (Boott). Wet places, as bogs, common. 



62 C. angustata Boott. <J Spikes 2 or 3, cylindric, slender ; 2 spikes 1 to 4, 

 cylindric, sessile, often nodding, the lowest short-pedunculate, the upper stain, at 

 apex and hence tapering above or acute; perig. oval or ovate, acutish, entire at 

 orifice, or short-beaked, scarcely veined, equaling or shorter than the narrow or 

 oblong, subacute, variable brown glume; culm 2f, acutely triquetrous, scabrous, not 

 robust, longer than tho stiff, narrow, glaucous leaves. Very common in largo 

 bogs over tho country. (C. acuta, ed. 1st. and Am. auth. not of L.) 



63 C. aquatilis Wahl. $ Spikes 1 4, erect, cylindric, lowest bracteatc, tho 

 glume oblong, obtusish ; $ spikes often 3, cylindric, thick above, 1 2' long, sub- 

 erect, short-pedunculate, densely-flowered; perig. elliptic, lenticular, rather small, 

 entire, glabrous, protruded at the orifice, scarcely equaling the green, ovate, acutish 

 glume; st. 20 30' high, rather obtuse-angled and scarcely scabrous. In marshes 

 and wet places, common. 



64 C. gynandra Schw. (B. t. 48.) $ Spikes one or more, lax, oblong, some- 

 times with a few 2 flowers ; 2 spikes about 3, oblong, cylindric, pedicellate, nod- 

 ding, attenuated below, and more loosely flowered, often $ at summit; perig. ovate, 

 Bub-inflated, short-rostrate, entire at tho orifice, glabrous, about ^ as. long as tho 

 oblong, obtusish, scabrous-awned glume; st. 12 24' high, rough, triquetrous. 

 Common in wet places. 



65 C. crinita Lam. (B. t. 47.) 2 $ Spikes mostly 1, long, slender; spikes about 

 4, long- cylindric. densely-flowered, recurved, with a long, reclined peduncle ; perig. 

 ovate, suborbicular, obtusish, emarginate at tho orifice, convex both sides; glumes 

 terminated by a long, serrate point more than thrice tho length of the perigynia ; 

 st. 20 42' high, recurved, rough-edged, pale green. Common in dry grounds. 

 (C. paleacea Wahl. Ed. 1st.) 



66 C. maritima Vahl. (Schk. fig. 74.) Spikes long, cylindric, subpendulous or 

 recurved; 2 spikes 1 to 3, pedunculate, bracted; perig. suborbicular, short-ros- 

 trate or apiculate, emargiuate, veined, rather close, much shorter than tho long- 

 awned, ovate-oblong, or emarginate-awned glume; culm 10 to 18', erect, with smooth , 

 leaves. Sea coast, Mendon, Mass, and northward (Carey). This is the real C. 

 paleacea Wubl described by him in almost the same language as his next species, 

 C. maritima. 



67 C. salina Wahl. (Schk. fig. 185.) Spikes cylindric, erect; 2 spikes 2 or 3, 

 remotish, short-pedunculate, dense-flowered, leafy-bracfted; perig. elliptic, short- 

 apiculate, double-convex, entire at the orifice, shorter than tho oblong, acute, short- 

 owned glume ; culm 8 to 16', leafy below, with long leafy bracts auriculato at their 

 base. Salt marshes, Mass, to Arc. Am. 



II, Stigmas 3. Achenium triquetrous. 



68 C. Fraseri Sims. Spike oblong, $ glume oblong, acutish ; 2 fls. at the base 

 in an ovoid or globous mass; perig. ovato or oblong, short-beaked, apex entire, 

 longer than the oblong, obtuse glume; culm 8 to 10', flat, leafless; Ivs. 2 radical, 

 flat, wide, veined, with no midvein, palo or glaucous and longer than the culm. 

 Tyger valley, Penn. (Muhl.), Mts. of N. Car. (Curtis). (C. lagopus Muhl.) A 

 peculiar and striking plant. 



69 C. polytrichoides Muhl. Spike oblong, terminal ; perig. ?, 8, oblong, alter- 

 nate, trect, subtriquetrous, glabrous, marginal?, twice longer than tho ovato and 



