786 OBDEB 156. GRAMINE^E. 



If; Ivs. subulate, scabrous, 2 to 4' long; sheaths glabrous, longer than tho jointaj 

 pan. very simple, the few, solitary, small spikelets on. very long setaceous pedicels ; 

 lower glume subulate ; sterile pale single, as long as the glume, a little longer 

 than the fertile flower. Dry, sandy soils, rare, N. Car. to Ga. 



13 P. villosum E1L Villous throughout with soft white hairs; culm geniculato 

 below, 1 to 2f ; Ivs. flat, erect, 2 to 3 by 3 to 4" ; sheaths much shorter than the 

 joints; pan. small (2 to 3' long), loose; spikelets oval, 1" long, green ; lower glumo 

 roundish, as long aa the 7-veiued, upper one, which equals the single, sterilo 

 pale and fertile flower. Evergreen in damp places, S. States (Feay, &c.). Apr., 

 May. 



14 P. ciliatiflorum. FRIXGED GRASS. Culm erect, strict, 1 to 3f, glabrous; 

 Iva. erect, long, linear, flat, narrow, scarcely distinct from their sheaths; pan. 

 virgate, subsimple. 3' long; spikelets pedicellate, oval, the glume and lower 

 abortive pale obtuse, subequal, the 5 veins cih'ate-fringed with silky, purplish 

 hairs; upper pale much smaller, oblong ; fertile pales thinly chartaceous, brown 

 or blackish when mature. Varies with the leaves more or less hairy, and the 

 Curious silk fringe of tho spikelets more or less copious. In pine barrens, S. 

 States. Sept. (Phalaris villosa MX. Aulaxanthus ciliatus and rufa Ell. P. 

 ignoratum Kth., an absurd namo which we venture to discard.) 



15 P. dichotomum L, Culm at first subsimple with a single terminal panicle, 

 becoming more or less branched, with lateral, subsimplo panicles ; Ivs. lanceolate, 

 1 to 4' by 2 to 4 ' or 5", hairy or smooth, as likewise the sheaths; terminal pan. 

 exserted, often long-pedunculate, small (1 to 3' long), oval in outline, loosely few- 

 flowered; spikelets small (about " long), oval or roundish; lower glume very 

 small, upper equaling the sterilo pale and fertile flower , upper sterile | to aa 

 long as tho lower, scarious, bifid. U Common everywhere, in meadows, fields 

 and woods. Jn. Sept. The following are the more striking forms ef this ex- 

 ceedingly variable species (which includes P. nodiflorum, laxiflorum, nitidum 

 Lam., barbulatum MX., sphserocarpa Muhl., lanuginosum, ensiforum Ell., &c.). 



/?. XITIDUM. Smooth and shining ; spikelets palo purple; upper pale very 



short, 

 y. SPH^ROC^RpriL Hairy ; Ivs. subercct ; spikelets dark purple ; upper pale 



deeply bifid. 

 5. BARBOLATtrir, Taller ; nodes with a ring of ratrorse hairs : Ivs. spreading ; 



M _-!_*_ T 1 .1 i- - 



spikelets purplish ; upper palo entire. 

 e. LANCGINOSUM. Woolly; ' 



Ivs. linear-lanceolate ; spikelets green ; upper palo 

 elongated, very obtuse. Approaches tho next species. 



16 P. depauperatum Muhl. Culm csespitous, erect, 9 to 12' high, simple abovo 

 the base ; Ivs. linear, rigidly erect, lower short, upper about 5' by 2^" ; pan. 

 simple with ascending branches, the peduncle very short or becoming very long ; 

 spikelets green, oval, acute, f to 1" long; outer glume roundish, as long as tho 

 inner, 7 -veined one ; upper neutral palo (always?) bifid, half aa long as tho lower. 

 Hilly woods, N. States and Can. Jn. (P. rectum R. & S.) 



{i. ISVOLUTUM. Lvs. involute, ending in a long, rigid point. (P. involutum, 

 . Torn) 



17 P. pauciflorum Ell. Culm mostly erect, at length, somewhat decumbent 

 and branched ; Ivs. erect, linear-lanceolate, faintly 9-veined, tapering to near tho 

 base ; 3 to 6' by 5 to 7", sparingly hirsute as well as the close sheaths; pan. ex- 

 gerted, simple, raceme-like, few-flowered; spikelets 10 or more, obovate, obtuse, 

 1" long; lower glume broad-ovate, ^ as long as tho upper one; upper neutral palo 

 similar to the lower. Wet or shady places, Mid., W. and S. States. Jn., Jl. 



18 P. pubescens Lam. Culm slender, finally branched, glabrous, 2 to 3f long ; 

 Ivs. lance-linear, 9-veined, 3 to G' by 3 to 5", clothed with reflexed haira as well 

 as tho open sheaths; pan. small, expanded, few-flowered, pubescent; ppikelets 

 large (l'- ' long), hairy, oval, obtuse, green ; outer glume, lanceolate, as long as 

 tho inner 9-veined one ; inner neutral pale nearly as long as the outer. Dry 

 fields, etc., N. Y. to Ohio and S. States. Jn. (P. dichotomum ^5. Gray.) 



19 P. latifolium L. Culm mostly erect, 1 to 2f high ; hs. lanceolate, base dilated 

 and cordate-clasping, 3 to 5' by I'; 11 to IS'veined, smoothish; sheaths hirsute at 

 Ihroat ; pan. cxse.rted. compound, loose, about 3' lonj ; spikelets oval, obtuse, 



