Elementary Work in Botany. 



It is called the hilum. See if one of the other marks has a 

 hole in it. That one is called the micropyle. Lay the bean 

 on a piece of paper, and make close beside it a drawing nat- 

 ural size. Why not draw the other side? Would such a 

 drawing show any fact not shown by your drawing ? Are 

 the sides alike as your ears, or as the buttons 

 on a coat ? This condition of sides corre- 

 sponding to right and left is called bilateral 

 symmetry. Hold your paper with the draw- 

 ing on the side away from you so that a 



J * Fig. o. Windsor 



strong light shines through. Does the draw- 

 ing now represent the other side of the bean ? Place the 

 bean on your paper near the drawing. Aided by an eraser, 

 pin, or anything suitable, make the bean lie on its back 

 with the scar up. Represent this view natural size, care- 

 fully drawing the hilum (scar), the micropyle (hole), and 

 the chalaza (a double bump). Look at these marks with a 

 lens. Take one of each of the ten kinds of seeds and place 

 them in a row so that those most alike are together. 

 Which have hilums but apparently no micropyles or cha- 

 lazas? In which are. you unable to find even a hilum? 

 By and by when sunflowers and buckwheat are going to 

 seed you can see for yourself that the so-called seeds 

 of these plants are one-seeded pods. Remove the seed 

 from one of your sunflower pods. Find the hilum. Take 

 the seed out of a grain of buckwheat. Which is the 

 stem end of buckwheat? Put ten of each kind of your 



