KINDS OF WORK. 353 



same causes. If the spasm do not cease in ten or fifteen 

 minutes, give a dose of the carbonate of ammonia ; and if the 

 horse is not better in an hour, let him be copiously bled. 



Excessive Fatigue is the result of a long rather than of a 

 fast journey. The horse is very dull, his movements slow 

 and stiff ; he trips or stumbles at almost every step ; when 

 he gets home he eats little or nothing, lies much, is very rest- 

 less, often changing his position ; he drinks freely ; some- 

 times he is a little fevered, the eye red and mouth hot. 

 When there is no fever, the horse may have a cordial ball 

 and his grain. When there is any sign of fever, a ball 

 of the carbonate of ammonia is better; give a bran-mash, 

 plenty of gruel, tepid water, only half grain, a good bed, a 

 quiet stable, and rest for two or three days. On the second 

 day the horse should recover his spirits and aopetite. Stiff- 

 ness remains for a few days longer: 



KINDS 01 WORK. 



POWER AND SPEED bear a certain relation one to another. 

 It has been long and well known that no horse can exert all 

 his speed and all his strength at the same moment ; as we 

 increase the pace beyond a certain point, we must reduce the 

 load ; that as we reduce the load we may increase the pace ; 

 and that as we increase the demand, either for power or for 

 speed, we must shorten the duration of labor. These are 

 general principles, applicable to all kinds of horses, and to 

 all kinds of work, at least to all work that deserves the name 

 of labor. 



Various experiments, chiefly in relation to drawing, have been 

 made for the purpose of ascertaining in what degree power and 

 duration decline as the velocity rises. But the strength and the 

 speed vary so much in different horses, and even in the same 

 horse at different times, that an approximation to the relation 

 which one bears to another, is all that can be obtained or expect- 

 ed. The power of a horse is estimated by the load he can draw 

 or carry a given distance in a given time. In drawing it has 

 been stated as equal to a force of 160 pounds, the pace being 

 about 2^ miles per hour. Some experimentalists have rated 

 it at only 112, others so high .as 193, the pace being the same. 

 But horses are so different that hardly two experiments 

 can yield precisely the same results. The following table 

 was constructed to show the rate at which power and dura- 



30* 



