18 PRINCIPLES OF STOCK-BREEDING. 



markably prolific. Mr. Lewis F. Allen, the editor of 

 the " American Short-Horn Herd-Book," says, " More 

 herd-book pedigrees run to Young Mary than any 

 other half-dozen cows on record." * 



It is generally admitted by physiologists that the 

 mental peculiarities of an individual are determined, 

 to a great extent, by hereditary influences. 



Dr. Carpenter says : " The view of the relation of 

 mental habits to peculiarities of bodily organization, 

 whether congenital or acquired, must be extended to 

 that remarkable hereditary transmission of psychical 

 character which presents itself under circumstances 

 that entirely forbid our attributing it to any agency 

 that can operate subsequently to birth, and which it 

 would seem impossible to account for on any other 

 hypothesis than that the ' formative capacity' of the 

 germ, in great degree, determines the subsequent de- 

 velopment of the brain, as of other parts of the body, 

 and (through this) its mode of activity. . . . And this 

 formative capacity, which is the physiological expres- 

 sion of what is commonly spoken of as the i original 

 constitution' of each individual, is essentially deter- 

 mined by the conditions, dynamical and material, of 

 the parent organisms." a 



In domestic animals it is a matter of common ob- 

 servation that the temper or disposition, and other 

 mental peculiarities of individuals, are determined 



1 " History of Short-Horns," p. 217. For further illustrations, sec 

 the chapter on " Fecundity." 



8 " Mental Physiology," pp. 367, 368 ; " Cyclopaedia of Anatomy and 

 Physiology," vol. il, p. 471 ; Carpenter's "Human Physiology," p. 817. 

 Ribot, in his work on " Heredity," gives an extended discussion of the 

 hereditary transmission of mental peculiarities, s 



