316 PRINCIPLES OF STOCK-BREEDING. 



656 males and 965,294 females, which in the christen- 

 ing amount to 33,853 more males than females, which 

 is five and a half per cent, in favor of the former ; and 

 in the burials 29,358, which is likewise three per cent, 

 in favor of the males." 1 



" For every 100 still-born females, we have in sev- 

 eral countries from 134.9 to 144.9 still-born males." 

 And, also, " during the first four or five years of life, 

 more male children die than females. For example, 

 in England, during the first year, 126 boys die for 

 every 100 girls a proportion which in France is still 

 more unfavorable." a . 



In Michigan, for the year 1871, the deaths of 

 children under one year of age were 128.1 males to 

 100 females ; and of those under one month, including 

 still-born, 138.3 males died to 100 females; and in 

 1870 the proportion was 121.34 to 100 females for the 

 first year. 3 



Carpenter states that there are on the average three 

 still-born males to two females ; and that, of deaths 

 during early infancy, the proportion of males to 

 females is four to three during the first two months. 4 



"Several great breeders in Scotland," says Mr. 

 Darwin, "who annually raise some thousand sheep, 

 are firmly convinced that a larger proportion of males 

 than of females die during the first one or two 



1 Waif ord'a " Insurance Cyclopedia," vol. iii., p. 204. 



2 Darwin, loc. tit., p. 292, on the authority of the British and Foreign 

 Medico- Chirurgical Review, April, 1867, p. 343. See also article " Fe- 

 male Life " in Walford's " Insurance Cyclopaedia," vol. iii., p. 203, etc. 



8 Michigan " Fifth Registration Report," 1871, pp. 101, 170, 174. 

 4 " Human Physiology," p. 1015. 



