198 WESTERN SERIES OP READERS. 



plumage entirely jet black. Common coastwise, and locally 

 in the interior valleys west of the Sierras. (See page 41.) 



Linnet, or House-Finch. Length, 5> inches; bill short 

 and very stout ; male with head, breast, and rump bright red ; 

 elsewhere streaked obscurely with grayish brown ; female and 

 young grayish brown all over, streaked dully with brown 

 beneath, but no red anywhere. Abundant permanent resi- 

 dent, except in the high mountains and northerly. (See 

 page?.) 



Willow Goldfinch (often called Wild Canary). Length, 

 4% inches; male with crown, wings, and tail black, the latter 

 with white markings ; rest of plumage entirely bright yellow ; 

 female entirely greenish brown, tinged with yellow beneath. 

 Common in summer in willow groves and cultivated orchards 

 in moist localities. (See page 157.) 



Arkansas or Green-backed Goldfinch (often called Wild 

 Canary). Smaller; length, 4 inches ; male with whole top of 

 head, wings, and tail black, the latter marked with white; 

 back dark green ; lower surface bright yellow ; female duller, 

 without black on head. Common resident of the valley and 

 foothill regions. (See page 153.) 



English Sparrow. Bill stout and swollen; length, 6 

 inches ; general color grayish brown ; male with large throat- 

 patch black ; sides of head and patch on wing chestnut ; back 

 streaked with sooty; female plainer, grayish beneath and 

 brownish above. Resident in towns of central California, 

 especially the bay cities. (See page 114.) 



Western Chipping Sparrow (Chippie). Smallest of our 

 sparrows ; length, 5^ inches ; tail proportionately long ; lower 

 surface ashy white; back pale brown, striped with black; top 



