16 



INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE APPLE. 



spring. The larvae mature during the summer, and in the 

 fall change to the pupa state, as shown at b in the figure, 

 from which the perfect fly emerges the following spring. 



The larva, chrysalis, 



FlG - 2 - and fly are all mag- 



nified in the figure. 

 The fly measures, 

 when its wings are 

 expanded, nearly half 

 an inch across; its 

 body is black, the 

 head hairy with short 

 white hairs, the tho- 

 rax also similarly hairy and finely punctated ; the abdomen 

 finely punctated, and adorned with long white hairs; legs 

 partly reddish, partly black ; wings transparent, with black 

 veins. 



ATTACKING THE TEUNK, 



No. 2. The Round-headed Apple-tree Borer. 



Saperda Candida Fabr. 



The round-headed apple-tree borer is a native of America, 

 whose existence was unrecorded before 1824, when it was de- 

 scribed by Thomas Say. The year following, its destructive 

 character was observed about Albany, N.Y. It is now very 

 widely and generally distributed, and probably it was so at 

 that time, although unnoticed, since it inhabits our native 

 crabs and thorn-bushes, and also the common June-berry, 

 Amelanchier Canadensis. While preferring the apple, it also 

 makes its home in the pear, quince, and mountain-ash. In 

 its perfect state it is a very handsome beetle (Fig. 3, c), about 

 three-fourths of an inch long, cylindrical in form, of a pale- 

 brown color above, with two broad creamy-white stripes 

 running the whole length of its body; the face and under 



