30 INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE APPLE. 



tree Aphis, No. 57. The vigorous use of a stiff brush wet 

 with the alkaline solution of soap, recommended under 

 No. 2, will also be found very efficient, or a solution made 

 by mixing five pounds of fresh lime with one pound of 

 sulphur and two gallons of water, and heating until the 

 sulphur is dissolved. After destroying those on the trunk, 

 and cutting away all suckers, the earth should be removed 

 from about the base of the trunk, the parts below the surface 

 cleaned, and fresh earth placed about the roots. Spiders 

 devour large numbers of these lice, spinning their webs over 

 the colonies and feeding at their leisure. 



No. 10. The Apple Liopus. 



Liopus facetus Say. 



This is another of the long-horned borers which has been 

 found in the larval state boring into the decaying limbs of 

 apple-trees. The larva, when full grown, is a quarter of an 

 inch long or more, is slender, with the anterior segments en- 

 larged and swollen, is covered with fine short hairs, and has 

 the end of the abdomen rather blunt. The beetle, which is 

 shown magnified in Fig. 16, is a handsome one, a slender 

 little creature, rather less than a quarter 

 of an inch in length, of a pale ash-gray 

 color with a purplish tinge. The long 

 antennae are yellowish brown, except at 

 the base and between the joints, where 

 the color is darker. The wing-covers 

 are smooth, and on their anterior por- 

 tion is an irregular rounded dark spot; 

 a broad black band crosses the hinder 

 portion, leaving the tip pale gray ; there 

 are also several additional blackish dots and streaks distrib- 

 uted over the upper surface. 



The beetles appear late in June and early in July, and lay 

 their eggs on the bark of the branches, from which the young 

 larvae hatch and bore in under the bark, where they become 



