66 INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE APPLE. 



resemble in color the branch on which they rest, they usu- 

 ally elude detection. When full grown, they leave the trees 

 either by creeping down the trunk or by letting themselves 

 down by silken threads from the branches. When thus sus- 

 pended in great numbers, as is frequently the case, under the 

 limbs of trees overhanging roads and sidewalks, they become 

 a great annoyance, especially to sensitive people, and are often 

 swept off by passing vehicles, and in this manner sometimes 

 distributed over a considerable area. 



Having reached the ground, they burrow into it to a depth 

 of from two to six inches, where they make a rather tough 

 cocoon of buff-colored silk, interwoven with particles of 

 earth. The chrysalis is about half an inch long, of a light 

 grayish-brown color, that of the male slender and furnished 

 with wing-cases, that of the female larger and without wing- 

 cases. The chrysalids remain in the ground throughout the 

 summer, and the moths usually appear on the wing during the 

 mild weather which succeeds the first severe frosts in autumn. 

 The female moth of each species is without wings, and 

 sluggish in movement, with a very odd spider-like appearance. 



(See 6, Fig. 60.) With 



Fm - 60 - a body distended with 



eggs, she drags her 

 weary way along in a 

 most ungainly manner 



6 until she reaches the 



base of a suitable tree, 

 up which she climbs, and there awaits the arrival of the male. 

 Her body is of a uniform shining ash color above, and gray 

 beneath ; it is from three to four tenths of an inch in length. 

 The fore wings of the male (Fig. 60, a) are of a brownish- 

 gray color, very glossy, and are crossed by two rather irregu- 

 lar whitish bands, the outer one enlarging near the apex, 

 where it forms a large pale spot. The hind wings are 

 grayish brown, with a faint central blackish dot and a more 

 or less distinct whitish band crossing them. 



