ATTACKING THE LEAVES. 95 



By the early part of June its growth is completed. It 

 then shuts itself up in its case and changes to a reddish-brown 

 chrysalis, about four-tenths of an inch long, from which, in 

 about two weeks, the perfect moth escapes. 



When its wings are expanded, the moth (see d, Fig. 92) 

 measures about seven-tenths of an inch across. Its fore 

 wings are pale brown, with patches and streaks of silvery 

 white, the hind wings plain brownish white ; the under side 

 of both wings is paler. There is only one brood during the 

 year, the moths depositing their eggs during July. 



Remedies. One would imagine that a caterpillar protected 

 as this one is, within its case, would be secure from all ene- 

 mies, but it is not so ; a small Ichneumon fly is a parasite 

 upon it; so, also, is a two-winged Tachina fly, Tachina phycitse 

 (Le Baron), which closely resembles the common house-fly. 



It is not often that this insect is very numerous in any one 

 orchard, but where it is abundant it sometimes inflicts a con- 

 siderable amount of damage, consuming the young foliage 

 and materially retarding the growth of the tree. The only 

 way to destroy them is to pick the cases with the crumpled 

 leaves off the trees during the winter and burn or crush 

 them. Besides the apple, it feeds on the cherry, quince, / 

 and plum, and occasionally on the peach. 



No, 38. The Eye-spotted Bud-moth. 



Tmetocera ocellana (Schiff). 



The caterpillar of this insect selects the opening bud as its 

 point of attack. It is a small, cylindrical, naked larva (see 

 Fig. 94), about three-quarters of an inch in length, of a pale, 

 dull, brownish color, with small warts on its 

 body, from which arise fine short hairs; the FIG. 94. 

 head and the top of the next segment are 

 black. Its tenement consists of a dried, 

 blackened leaf, portions of which are drawn 

 together so as to make a rude case, the cen- 

 tral part of which is lined with silk. It is very partial to 



