ATTACKING THE LEAVES. 109 



referred to when treating of the insects which injure the 

 strawberry. 



Remedies. One of the most effectual remedies against the 

 climbing cut-worms is to fasten 

 strips of tin or zinc around the FlQ - 107 - 



tree, cut in such a way as to 

 form, when applied, a sort of 

 inverted funnel ; this forms an 

 effectual barrier to their ascent. 

 They may also be collected by 

 visiting the trees after dark and 

 jarring or shaking them over 

 sheets spread on the ground. It has also been suggested to 

 dig holes about the trees, or on one side of them, with nearly 

 perpendicular sides, when the cut-worms, being clumsy in 

 their movements, are very likely to fall into them, and will 

 not be able to get out again. Sprinkling the foliage with 

 Paris-green or hellebore mixed with water, as recommended 

 for No. 35, would no doubt poison them. 



There are several parasites, both Ichneumons and Tachina 

 flies, which attack cut- worms and greatly lessen their numbers. 

 Some of the carnivorous beetles (see Figs. 47 and 48) also feed 

 upon them. 



No. 46. The Lime-tree Winter-moth. 



Hybernia tiliaria Harris. 



The caterpillar of this species is a span-worm, not unlike 

 the canker-worm, but larger and differently marked. The 

 head is dull red, with a V-shaped mark on the front ; the 

 body yellow above, with many longitudinal black lines ; the 

 under side is paler. When full grown, it is about an inch and 

 a quarter long. Besides the apple, it feeds on bass wood, elm, 

 and hickory. The larvae hatch early in the spring, and some- 

 times prove very destructive to the foliage. In Fig. 108 they 

 are represented both feeding and at rest. They complete their 

 growth about the middle of June, when, letting themselves 



