136 INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE APPLE. 



thin-skinned summer and fall apples to the winter varieties 

 It is, however, frequently found in apples which have been 

 stored, and has thus proved very troublesome in many parts 



FIG. 143. 



of the country, especially in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and 

 New York. It is a native insect, found feeding on haws, and 

 probably also on crab-apples. 



No. 61. The Apple Midge. 



Sciara mail (Fitch). 



This is also a small maggot, found devouring the flesh of 

 ripened and stored apples, and hastening their decay. It ap- 

 pears to attack chiefly, if not wholly, those specimens which 

 have been previously perforated by the codling worm, thus 

 adding to the damage caused by that destructive pest, and 

 when this insect has completed its transformations within 

 the apple, the hole made by the codling worm affords this fly 

 a ready means of exit. 



The larvae are long and slender, tapering gradually to a 

 point at the head, the hinder end being blunt; they are of a 

 glassy-white color, and semi-transparent. When present, they 

 are generally found in considerable numbers, and they burrow 

 many channels through the flesh of the apple, converting it 

 into a spongy substance of a dull-yellowish color. 



The change to a pupa takes place within the fruit. The 

 pupa is about one-eighth of an inch long, somewhat sticky on 

 the surface, of an elongated, oval form, pointed at one end, 



