ATTACKING THE LEAVES. 341 



of two or three days. They are represented at this stage of their 

 growth in Fig. 354. When mature, they are about three-quar- 

 ters of an inch long, at 



, . , ,. fV FIG. 354. 



which time they seek for 



a suitable spot in which 

 to form their cocoons. 



These are sometimes 

 made among dry leaves 

 or rubbish on the sur- 

 face of the ground, 

 sometimes under the 

 ground, and occasion- 

 ally attached to the 

 stems or leaves of the 

 bush on which they 

 have fed. The loca- 

 tion once fixed on, the 

 larva begins to contract in length, and spins a cocoon over 

 itself, which, when finished, is nearly oval, smooth, of a 

 brownish color and papery texture, within which it changes 

 to a small, delicate, whitish-green pupa, very transparent, 

 with the encased limbs and wings of the future fly distinctly 

 visible, from which the fly escapes late in June or early in 

 July. Soon again eggs are deposited, from which another 

 brood of larvse are sent forth on their destructive mission, 

 completing their growth before summer closes, and in most 

 instances changing to pupae before winter. 



The flies composing the separate broods do not all appear 

 at once ; some are weeks later than others, keeping up a reg- 

 ular succession, and making continual watchfulness necessary 

 in order to save the foliage from destruction. They feed on 

 the cultivated gooseberry as readily as on the currant, and 

 also on the wild varieties of gooseberry. 



Remedies. A minute parasitic fly has been found attacking 

 the eggs by Prof. Lintner, of Albany, N.Y., closely resem- 

 bling, if not identical with, the insect represented in Fig. 181. 



