Insects Injurious to the Apple. 



149 



(F. E. 



FIG. 124. YOUNG WOOLLY 

 APHLS HATCHED FROM EGG. 



ground form that causes so much damage to the apple orchards in 



the southern half of the State, and to apple nursery stock throughout 



the State, and further he says that 95 per cent, of the cases of so- 

 called " root- rot " is in reality the result of the 



attack of Woolly Aphis. 



In Britain in 1894 I undoubtedly found 



this aphis on the roots of apple trees at 



Shalford, in Surrey, the trees dying under 



the attack, and again at Albury in the 



following year. The attack was looked upon 



as abnormal, and for some years all cases 



that came under my notice were paid little 



attention to. This was due entirely to the 



fact that in some preparations made from 



material sent me from Paddock Wood, in 



Kent, Schizoneura fodiens was alone present(2). 



Shortly after, Connold found the galls on the 



roots, and the matter was placed beyond doubt (3), and the statement 



concerning 8. fodiens was seen to be erroneous as far as the general 



attack of Woolly Blight concerns 

 the apple. The cases sent in were 

 from gardens with currants, lettuce, 

 etc., growing beneath the trees ; on 

 re-examining the slides, 1 find they 

 are 8. fodiens* doubtless thought 

 by the senders, owing to their pro- 

 ducing white wool, to be the same 

 as the specimens actually on the 

 apple roots. 



During the past five years very 

 many cases of the ground form 

 have been examined, and many 

 reported to me by growers. 



Mr. Wood of Crockenhall (4) 

 has been the first to recognise this 

 fact in its practical importance ; 

 having lifted no less than 40,000 

 young stock, more or less infested 

 with this pest, he treated it with 



the " gas treatment," and cleared the pest by such means. 



* This is now known to be the same as the Elm Leaf Woolly Aphis 



(Schizoneura ulmi). 



[F. Edenden. 



FIG. 125. GALLS CAUSED ON ROOTS BY 

 WOOLLY APHIS. 



