Insects, etc., Injurious to Nuts. 309 



PREVENTION AND REMEDIES. 



It is well for those who intend planting up nuts to bear in mind 

 that this pest is common in hazel copses and in hazels on hedgerows, 

 and to avoid planting near the former, and where possible to remove 

 all hazels in the hedgerows near their plantations. Starting with 

 clean stock is very essential, as at present there is no known remedy 

 for these bud mites. The lime and sulphur dusting having proved 

 of little value for the currant, it is not likely to be of any more use 

 in this case and more difficult to apply. All growers can do is to 

 hand-pick the swollen buds, a much more difficult task than in the 

 case of currants. 



REFERENCES. 



(1) Nalepa, Dr. A. ' Beitrage zur Systematik der Phytopten,' p. 126, Taf. II. 



and Taf. III. AVien (1889). 



(2) Ormerod, E. A. 'A Handbook of Insects Injurious to Orchard and Bush 



Fruits,' p. 116 (1898). 



(3) Dujardin. ' Annales des Societe Naturale ' (1851). 



(4) Frauenfeld. ' Verb. Zool. and Bot. Gesel in Wien,' XV., 895. 

 (6) Amerling, Dr. ' Lotos,' p. 44 (1863). 



II. TO SPANISH CHESTNUT. 



THE NUT FRUIT TORTRIX. 



(Carpocapsa splcndidana. Hb.) 



This moth, which is closely related to the Codling Moth, is by no 

 means of common occurrence in this country, but it is fairly widely 

 distributed in the south of England. 



Normally in this country the larva is said to feed on acorns. In 

 1890 I found it in some numbers at Ninfield, in Sussex, amongst 

 Spanish chestnuts, and found later that it attacked the fruit (4). 



On two occasions in 1884 I noticed maggots in walnuts on the 

 trees, but not until 1904 could I trace any appreciable damage done 

 by them (1). The specimens were bred out and proved to be this 

 insect beyond doubt. During the late autumn of the same year 

 several samples of walnuts were sent me containing the same larvae. 

 At Interlaken, in the Bernese Oberland, I noticed a similar attack 

 in 1889. 



In 1906 attention was called (2) to the numbers of the maggots 

 of this inoth introduced in Spanish chestnuts. Some were actually 

 found crawling in the street of a Kentish village. 



