Insects, etc., Injurious to Nuts. 315 



pair. (Buckton says the legs are pale grey. I have not, however, 

 come across any of this colour.) 



The winged viviparous female is large and bright greenish- 

 yellow; head, prothorax, thoracic lobes and metathorax brown; 

 head slightly hairy. Pale yellow in centre of prothorax. Abdomen 

 yellowish-green with seven well-defined dark brown dorsal stripes, 

 one on each segment and a small eighth one often seen at the posterior 

 end, two lateral lines of eight brown spots, one at each end of the 

 dorsal stripes; sides of the abdomen slightly cottony; ventral surface 

 of the abdomen bright shiny yellow. Antenna^ short and slender, 

 the seventh segment being represented by an obtuse claw or nail. 

 Proboscis greenish-yellow, scarcely coming below base of first pair of 

 legs. Eyes red. Legs shortish and hairy, anterior pair pale yellow, 

 tarsi slightly darkened, distal end of femora also dusky ; third pair 

 with very dark ends to femora, ends of tibia and tarsi also dusky. 

 Wings small and narrow for the size of the body ; costal and cubital 

 veins brown, stigma pale brown, all other veins brown, expanded 

 into brown stains at their ends ; base of the wings yellowish. 



The young from the winged female are at first pale yellow, but 

 they soon become darker, with brownish head and thorax and four 

 rows of dark dots down the abdomen, two central and two lateral, 

 about twelve in number, but subject to variation. Antennae short and 

 legs very pale, looking almost silvery grey against the green leaves of 

 the walnut, except the tarsi, which are dark brown. In about ten 

 days they reach the pupal stage, the wing cases gradually appearing. 



DAMAGE DONE. 



In July 1894 I noticed damage done by these lice. A note 

 in my diary reads as follows : " The lice seem to have already 

 done some harm (July 10th), as the affected leaves look sickly 

 and are blotched with yellow and are pallid at their tips, and 

 generally present an unhealthy appearance. The lice stick their 

 proboscis into the mid rib itself, and not into the soft lamina. Many 

 of the nuts on the trees affected with this and the next aphis are 

 now falling, and I fancy the cause is undoubtedly the plant lice 

 destroying the leafage." Later on, in August and September, the 

 aphides rapidly increased and caused a scorched appearance amongst 

 the leaves, hundreds of sound-looking nuts continuing to fall, the 

 cause undoubtedly being the insect attack here described. 



ANOTHER FOOD PLANT. 



Late in September 1894 I found another plant upon which 

 this aphis lived. On the 22nd of that month I noticed a few 



