Insects, etc., Injurious to the Vine. 481 



in twenty days or less. The larva when full grown reaches 4 mm. 

 in length ; it is rather active for a footless grub, yellowish- white in 

 colour with black mouth hooks and a pair of prominent orange 

 coloured spiracles at the hind end, placed on a protuberance on the 

 upper edge of the last segment. 



It pupates amongst the decaying vegetation. The puparium is 

 3 mm. long, yellowish in colour ; in front is a flattened depression 

 with the branched larval cephalic spiracles projecting from the corners, 

 and the posterior stigmata prominent. It appears to winter in the 

 puparium stage. 



TREATMENT. 



The main thing to see to is the cleanly condition of the grapes. 

 A few mouldy or fly or wasp damaged berries might attract these 

 flies and so further harm be done to the bunches. Xetting should be 

 placed over the open lights and windows, but to be effective in 

 keeping these flies out it must be smaller meshed than that usually 

 used to keep out flies and wasps ; muslin would be best for this 

 purpose. 



REFERENCES. 



(1) Austen, E. Entomologists' Monthly Magazine, vol. XVI., 2nd se., p. 276. 



Dec. (1905). 



(2) Forbes, S. A. Trans. Illinois State Horticultural Society (1884). 

 (8) Williston, Dr. Canadian Entomologist, vol. XIV., p. 138 (1882). 



(4) ComstocJf, J. H. Eeport on Insects for the year 1881, pp. 6-9 (1881). 



(5) Howard, L. O. The Principal Household Insects of the United States. 



U.S. Dep. Agri., Div. Ent. Bull. No. 4, new se. (1902). 



(6) Melichar, Dr. Wien. Ent. Z., XX. Jahrg., pp. 7-8 (1901). 



(7) AldricJi, J. M. ' Catalogue N. American Diptera,' p. 641 (1905). 



(8) CocJcerell, T. D. A. Bull. 32. Arizona Experiment Station, pp. 290-294. 



(9) Lintner, J. A. First Report New York State Entomologist, pp. 216-221 



(1882). 



(10) Howard, L. O. Proc. Washington Academy of Science, II., p. 589 (1900). 



THE VINE SCALE. 

 (Pulvinaria xitis. Linn.) 



This is a readily distinguished scale insect which attacks the 

 vine and peach under glass. 



It does not seem to be very common in this country, but now and 

 then specimens are sent from both food plants. It is also found out 

 of doors on hawthorn, and birch, willow, alder and cotoneaster spp. 



2 i 



