40 INSTRUCTIONS FOR MAKING FOREST SURVEYS, ETC. 



TABLE 4. Condensed traverse table for cruising. 



TABLE 5. Surface measuring on slopes. 



[Increase of distance to be added to one 66' chain of surface measurement to give one 

 chain of horizontal measurement. Approximate; for use in cruising.] 



The per cent of grade is determined by grademeter or hypsometer. 

 Vertical angles are read by clinometer, Abney level, or transit, 

 i The exsecant is a ratio of links per 100 links (=1 chain), and therefore the figures 

 In this column also show feet per 100 feet, or yards per 100 yards, etc. 



