QUALITATIVE BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS. 195 



the size of the B. typhosus and only slightly motile. Indol is 

 not produced and milk is not coagulated. 



Schottmiiller has described a number of cases of " paratyphus. 1 " 

 The symptoms very closely resembled those seen in true cases 

 of enteric fever. The temperature charts were so characteristic 

 that the diagnosis of enteric fever seemed almost beyond cavil. 

 Rose-spots, enlargement of the spleen, and diarrhrea were also 

 observed in some of the cases, but in others the abdominal 

 symptoms were not so marked. From twenty to twenty -five 

 cubic centimetres of blood were removed from each patient and 

 made into plates on agar. The colonies which resulted were 

 carefully studied ; in every case motile bacilli which did not 

 stain with Gram were isolated. On gelatine plates and Pior- 

 kowski's alkaline urine medium the colonies resembled those of 

 B. coli. On potato a greyish-brown, thick growth, was observed. 

 In peptone and salt solution there was good growth but no 

 indol reaction was observed. Gas formation was seen in glucose- 

 broth and glucose-agar. Neutral-red agar was changed to a 

 yellow colour, and a greenish fluorescence was observed. Litmus- 

 whey was rendered acid for the first two or three days, but a 

 markedly alkaline action appeared later. When tested with 

 the serum from an undoubted case of enteric fever the bacilli 

 showed no traces of agglutination, but when tested with serum 

 collected from each of the cases all the bacilli became agglu- 

 tinated. The reaction was observed not only between the 

 bacilli and serum from the same case, but also between the 

 bacilli and sera from all the cases. The effective dilutions 

 of the sera varied from 1-100 to 1-10,000. All the cases 

 recovered, so an examination of the spleen and internal organs 

 could not be made. At the same time the bacteriological results 

 obtained seem to prove conclusively that the cases of "para- 

 typhus" were caused by a variety of the bacillus of 

 Gartner. 



The B. aquatilis sulcatus varieties described by Weichselbaum 

 prod uce surface colonies which at first resemble those of B. typhosus 

 but on later development acquire a yellow colour. These bacilli 

 do not develop indol, coagulate milk, nor produce gas in glucose 

 media. Some of the varieties produce a yellow growth on 

 potato. They are readily distinguished by failing to agglutinate 



