QUALITATIVE BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS. 223 



in sugar media, large number of flagella, and agglutination with 

 a very dilute anti-typhoid serum. Also a three hundred gramme 

 guinea-pig was killed by one loopful of a twenty-four houre 

 growth on agar ; but with the same amount of growth and 

 O'Ol c.c. of anti-typhoid serum, a guinea-pig of the same weight 

 remained quite well. About four weeks later two cultures were 

 obtained from the same well, which in appearance, motility, 

 chemical reactions, and agglutination resembled the typhoid 

 bacillus ; but these cultures were not pathogenic, one loopful of 

 a twenty-four hours agar culture had no effect when injected 

 into a guinea-pig. The authors regard Pfeiflfer's reaction as the 

 most important diagnostic sign of the B. typhosus, because it 

 indicates that the bacillus is in a virulent condition. In this 

 outbreak B. coli was not found in the well-water, and the 

 typhoid bacilli were present in large numbers. Kubler and 

 Neufeld, therefore, believed that the pollution of the water was 

 caused by urine from a typhoid patient, for when infection of 

 the water-supply was produced by faecal contamination B. coli 

 was usually present in large numbers. The absence of B. coli 

 from the water in this case rendered the isolation of the typhoid 

 bacillus a comparatively easy matter, and probably accounted 

 for the persistence of the bacillus in the water supply. 



In 1899 Genersich also investigated an outbreak of typhoid 

 fever in Pecs, supposed to have been caused by infected water. 

 In the epidemic there were 209 cases and 28 deaths, which 

 occurred in a portion of the town supplied with water from the 

 Also-Rokus wells. Suspicion fell on cisterns in the Kis Rokus- 

 Gasse and in the " Kreuzer-kaserne." Twenty-eight gelatine 

 plates were made with water taken from the cisterns and the 

 wells. Suspicious colonies which developed in the plates were 

 fished and planted out in gelatine-stabs. The growths which 

 resulted were compared with a true typhoid culture; and the 

 motilily and staining reactions were also examined. The 

 cultures which resembled B. typhosus were then planted out on 

 potato, control preparations of B. coli and B. typhosus being 

 made at the same time. Characteristic cultures were then 

 inoculated into sugar-agar broth and milk. The growths in 

 broth were tested for the indol reaction. Agglutination experi- 

 ments were made with a twenty-four hours broth culture of the 



