40 THE APPLE CULTURIST. 



When the cambium is in a semi-fluid state whether in 

 spring, summer, or autumn insert the buds. In this lati- 

 tude, most buds are inserted during some one of the sum- 

 mer months, or in September. In stocks that continue to 

 grow late in the season, buds are frequently inserted in 

 September, and some in October, but August is prefera- 

 ble. 



Cause of Failure. Beginners are sometimes surprised to 

 find, after budding a lot of thrifty young stocks, that almost 

 every bud has failed ; and they are quite at a loss to account 

 for the failure. But experience shows that the failure is 

 caused by the over-luxuriance of the stock, and the thin, 

 watery condition of the sap. If the operation had been de- 

 ferred until the sap had thickened, the result would have 

 been reversed ; and instead of only one in a hundred suc- 

 ceeding, there would have been only one per cent, of fail- 

 ures. The cherry is more liable than any other sort of 

 fruit to " drown out " the bud, as it is called. Hence the 

 best time to bud cherry-stocks is just as soon as they be- 

 gin to slacken their growth and show a yellow leaf here 

 and there. If this time is chosen, and the work done skill- 

 fully, there need be little fear of failure. Trees which are 

 not growing vigorously should be budded early. As soon 

 as wood sufficiently ripe to furnish buds can be found, if 

 the bark on the stocks will peel, it will not be too early. 

 When a large quantity are to be budded, the work should 

 be taken in hand early, so as to get through in season, com- 

 mencing with the least thrifty. 



The object of budding is the same as of grafting, viz., to 

 propagate a desirable sort of tree or plant. The only dif- 

 ference between a bud and a cion is that the latter is a de- 

 velopment of the former. Fruit can generally be obtained 

 by grafting from one to two years sooner than by budding. 

 But when a variety is very rare, we can, by budding, get 



