80 THE APPLE CULTURIST. 



point to make a hole for the stake at e. This explanation 

 will be sufficient to enable any person of ordinary intelli- 

 gence to stake out his ground with as much dispatch as 

 the stakes can be set in the usual manner. After the 

 stakes have all been put in their places, should some of 

 them vary from a line, they may readily be set straight. 

 If the ground be all marked out in circles just touching 

 each other, the points at which the circles intersect will 

 show the places to plant trees. 



Staking out Ground in Triangles. The ground can be 

 staked out in triangles with no other measure than a ten or 

 twenty foot pole, with as much accuracy as it can be done 

 with a surveyor's compass. We will suppose, for example, 

 that the trees are to be set thirty-three feet apart. In the 

 first place, make a light pole of the desired length, thirty- 

 three feet, and set a row of stakes on the longest side if 

 there be any difference in the distance of the ground, as 

 represented by a o, in the diagram, page 78. Let the stakes 

 be small and straight, and at least four feet high. Now let 

 one person hold one end of the pole at the end stake, a, 

 while another makes a mark at the other end, c. Then let 

 the end at a be carried to #, while the end at c is retained 

 at the same point where the two marks at c intersect. Let 

 a small stake be set at c. Next place the pole from b to e, 

 and from e to f. At e and c will be the places to set trees. 

 Let the stakes at a c be set perpendicularly. Now let a 

 stake be set up at d, so that a c and d will stand in a line. 

 Then set a stake every thirty-three feet or the length of 

 the measuring-pole apart in the line from c to d. Let the 

 measuring be done with accuracy, and let the stakes be set 

 perpendicularly. This second row of stakes will constitute 

 a reliable guide to aid in finding the correct points for other 

 stakes. Now with the measuring-pole find the point for 

 another stake at <;, by placing one end of the pole at o, and 



