APPLIED ANATOMY. 



THE SCALP. 



THE scalp is formed by the movable soft tissues which cover the skull. It is 

 composed of three layers: skin, superficial fascia, and occipitofrontalis muscle with 

 its aponcurosis. It is attached to the underlying pericranium by loose connective 

 tissue called the subaponeurotic layer. The pericranium, or periosteum of the skull, 

 is loosely attached to the bones by a small quantity of connective-tissue fibres called 



Epicranial aponeurosis 



Superficial fascia 



Skin 



FIG i. The scalp. 



by some anatomists the subpericranial connective tissue. At the sutures, however, it 

 is very firmly attached. 



The principal affections of the scalp are wounds, inflammation, affections of 

 the blood-vessels, tumors, and neuralgia. The peculiarities of these affections are 

 determined by the anatomical structure of the parts. 



The skin of the scalp is probably the thickest in the body, although not so 

 dense as that of the heel. Besides the hair, it contains abundant sweat and sebaceous 

 glands. These latter are connected with the hair-follicles and are near the surface. 

 The skin increases in thickness from the frontal to the occipital region. 



The superficial fascia consists of a net-work of connective-tissue fibres which 

 run from the skin above to the aponeurosis of the occipitofrontalis below. In its 

 meshes are fat, blood-vessels, nerves, and lymphatics. The hair-bulbs often pierce 

 the skin and extend into this layer. 



The fibres of the superficial fascia bind the skin so firmly to the aponeurosis 

 beneath that when the skin is moved the aponeurotic layer is carried with it. The 



