THE NECK. 135 



then along in the occipital groove beneath the origin of the sternomastoid muscle, 

 the splenius, trachelomastoid, and digastric to make its appearance a little to the 

 inner side of the middle of a line joining the mastoid process with the external occip- 

 ital protuberance. 



The posterior auricular is given off just above the posterior belly of the 

 digastric muscle and runs backward and upward on it, then through the parotid 

 gland and up between the external auditory meatus and the mastoid process. In 

 ligating the external carotid artery with a view of preventing bleeding in removing 

 the Gasserian ganglion, it is endeavored to place the ligature just above the digastric 

 muscle and posterior auricular artery in order to preserve the blood supply of the 



Temporal artery 



Internal maxillary 

 artery 



External carotid artery 



Posterior auricular 

 artery 



Occipital artery 



Hypoglossal nerve 



Internal jugular vein 



Submaxillary gland 



Facial artery 



Internal carotid artery 



I ingual artery 



Superior laryngeal 

 nerve 



Descendens hypo- 

 glossi nerve 



Superior thyroid artery 

 Sternohyoid branch 



V 

 FIG. 167. Carotid arteries and branches. 



tissues above and behind the ear. The internal maxillary and the temporal arteries 

 have already been considered. 



Veins. The veins found in and near the superior carotid triangle are the anterior 

 and internal jugulars and their branches. A small portion of the commencement of the 

 external jugular may also be in its extreme upper angle. 



The anterior jugular vein begins just above the hyoid bone from veins in the 

 submaxillary and submental regions. It lies on the deep fascia and passes down the 

 neck about i cm. from the median line, then just above the sternum it turns down and 

 out under the sternomastoid muscle to empty into the external jugular or subclavian. 

 At the point of turning it sends off a branch across the median line to the vein on the 

 opposite side. Thus the blood-current can pass directly across the neck from one 

 external jugular vein to the other. Sometimes there is another communication 

 between the two anterior jugulars through a small branch crossing just above or 



